Sexual Selection, Speciation, Niche, and Competition

All the genes in a population are the population’s

• Gene flow

• Gene pool

• Genotype

• Fitness

Which of the following is the best definition of species?

• A group of organisms that lives in the same habitat

• A group o organisms that exploit the same ecological niche

• A group of organisms that can interbreed and produce viable and fertile offspring

• A group of organisms that have the same appearance

The process of a new species arising within the geographic range of the parent population is called

• ecological speciation

• allopatric speciation

• adaptive radiation

• sympatric speciation

Which of the following must occur after a period of geographic isolation in order for the two sibling species to remain genetically distinct following their geographic reunion in the same home range?

• Prezygotic barriers

• Postzygotic barriers

• Ecological isolation

• Reproductive isolation

The process by which populations slowly change over time is called__________

• selective breeding
• adaptation
• sepeciation
• evolution

A flash flood carried a raft of Amazon ants away from their original population. There is enough distance between the two groups, that they will never meet in nature again. What type of reproductive barrier is this?

• behavioral isolation
• temporal isolation 
• gametic isolation
• geographic isolation 

a relationship between two species in which both species compete for limited resources such that both species are negatively affected by the relationship

• Symbiosis

• interspecific competition

• species richness

• species-area effect

the differentiation of niches that enables similar species to coexist in a community

• character displacement

• climax community

• resource partitioning

• pioneer species

The ecological niches of three bird species are shown in the diagram. What is the advantage of each bird species having a different niche?

• As more birds feed higher in the tree, available energy increases.
• More abiotic resources are available for each bird.
• Predators are less likely to feed on birds in a variety of locations.
• There is less competition for food.

When put together, one organism outcompetes the other for resources.  This is an example of:

• competitive exclusion principle
• speciation
• biological niche
• evolution