Laws of Thermodynamics

Which of the following is a set of particles or interacting components to which energy is added or from which energy is removed?

• an ideal gas

• an engine

• a system

• an environment

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NGSS.HS-PS3-1

NGSS.HS-PS3-4

NGSS.HS-PS3-5

What accounts for an increase in the temperature of a gas that is kept at constant volume? Energy has been

• removed as heat from the gas.

• added as heat to the gas.

• removed as work done by the gas.

• added as work done on the gas.

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NGSS.HS-PS3-4

When an ideal gas does positive work on its surroundings, which of the gas’s quantities increases?

• temperature

• volume

• pressure

• internal energy

An ideal gas system is maintained at a constant volume of 4 L. If the pressure is constant, how much work is done by the system?

• 0 J

• 5 J

• 8 J

• 30 J

What thermodynamic process for an ideal gas system has an unchanging internal energy and a heat intake that corresponds to the value of the work done by the system?

• isovolumetric

• isobaric

• adiabatic

• isothermal

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NGSS.HS-PS3-4

Which thermodynamic process takes place when work is done on or by the system but no energy is transferred to or from the system as heat?

• isovolumetric

• isobaric

• adiabatic

• isothermal

Tags

NGSS.HS-PS3-4

In an isovolumetric process for an ideal gas, the system’s change in the energy as heat is equivalent to a change in which of the following?

• temperature

• volume

• pressure

• internal energy

According to the first law of thermodynamics, the difference between energy transferred to or from a system as heat and energy transferred to or from a system by work is equivalent to which of the following?

• entropy change

• internal energy change

• volume change

• pressure change

An ideal gas system undergoes an adiabatic process in which it expands and does 20 J of work on its environment. What is the change in the system’s internal energy?

• –20 J

• –5 J

• 0 J

• 20 J

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NGSS.HS-PS3-4

An ideal gas system undergoes an isovolumetric process in which 20 J of energy is added as heat to the gas. What is the change in the system’s internal energy?

• –20 J

• 0 J

• 5 J

• 20 J

Tags

NGSS.HS-PS3-2