From the Crusades to the New Muslim Empires

What event in 1095 led Pope UrbanII to call Christians to a religious war?

• The Byzantine emperor asked for help.

• The Seljuk Turks sent ships to attack Rome.

• Vikings attacked parts of Europe from the north.

• Charlemagne asked to be crowned Holy Roman emperor.

What was the overall purpose of the Christians in the Crusades?

• to gain control of Palestine

• to open a trade route to China

• to learn about Muslim innovations

• to capture Jerusalem from the Jews

Why is Jerusalem holy to Muslims?

• They pray toward the city.

• Gabriel instructed them to honor it.

• Muhammad rose to heaven there.

• It was the headquarters of the empire.

Who set up Christian kingdoms in Palestine and Syria in the early 1100s?

• English allies of the Turks

• winners of the First Crusade

• rulers of the Byzantine Empire

• He converted many Turks to Islam.

How did Salah al-Din change conditions in the Middle East?

• He killed Richard I of England.

• He adopted a new policy of peace.

• He re-conquered most of Palestine.

• He converted many Turks to Islam.

What did Muslims lose as a result of the Reconquista?

• their armed forces

• their land in Spain

• their political unity

• their merchant wealth

Which statement describes the effect of the Crusades on Jews?

• Many of them tried to escape to Palestine.

• They were persecuted throughout Europe.

• They joined Christians to fight the Muslims.

• Their numbers grew as Christians converted.

Which group conquered the Byzantine Empire?

• Seljuks

• Mughals

• Mongols

• Ottomons

The Mughal Empire carried Islam to

• Anatolia

• West Africa

• most of India

• eastern Europe

Unlike the first three Crusades, some later Crusades were primarily movements of

• armed priests and monks

• poor people and children

• Eastern Orthodox knights

• feudal nobles from France.