Middle Ages 2: Formation of W. Europe

An example of the influence of religion in the Middle Ages is... (select all that apply)

• Vikings and Magyars often targeted small villages and isolated farms

• Kings would often pay for religious buildings and were expected to obey the pope

• monasteries were religious communities that also provided education

• people spent years working on elaborate cathedrals

What new architectural style was defined by high ceilings, stained glass, and wall supports called flying buttresses?

• Gothic

• Carolingian

• Byzantine

• Romanesque

Pope Urban II called for the first Crusade after what event?

• the destruction of Constantinople

• the sacking of Baghdad by the Mongols

• an increasing threat from the Muslim Turks

• trade was stopped by Viking invasions

During the 3rd Crusade, two brilliant leaders clashed and created a truce. Who were these two leaders?

• Richard the Lionhearted and Saladin

• Urban II and Barbarossa

• Clovis and Charles Martel

• the Reconquista and the Inquisition

The Crusades has all of the following effects EXCEPT:

• a lingering bitterness between Muslims and Christians

• an increase in the power of kings

• a decrease in the power of the pope

• an increase in wealth for those who participated

• an expansion of trade

What was the importance of the three-field system?

• It allowed for protection from invasions

• food production increased

• disease spread more quickly from town to town

• merchants created guilds from the new goods

Define: guild

• an organization of individuals in the same business trying to improve working conditions

• levels of Church authority, similar to feudal system

• a religious war between Christians and Muslims

• the system of workers employed by a lord

Guilds did all of the following EXCEPT:

• Set standards for fair work and quality products

• Train new workers

• Cover members with a type of health insurance

• Become knights

What centers of learning were created during the Commercial Revolution?

• public schools

• universities

• monasteries

• All of the above

Who were the burghers?

• Professional chefs

• Merchant-class town dwellers

• Educated sons of wealthy lords

• Members of a religious group