AP Psychology Unit 4: Learning

A lion in a circus learns to stand up on a chair and jump through a hoop to receive a food treat.

• classical conditioning

• operant conditioning

• observational learning

Every time someone flushes a toilet in the apartment building, the shower becomes very hot and causes the person to jump back. Over time, the person begins to jump back automatically after hearing the flush, before the water temperature changes.

• Classical conditioning

• Operant conditioning

• Observational learning

Ivan Pavlov has been credited with the initial discovery of

• operant conditioning.
• reinforcement
• classical conditioning.
• vicarious conditioning.

In a classic experiment, "Little Albert," a very young boy, was conditioned to be afraid of a rat. He also became fearful of white furry rabbits and bearded men. This is an example of

• classical conditioning.
• higher order conditioning.
• reinforcement.
• operant conditioning.

Which form of learning would most likely be studied in an operant chamber (Skinner box)?

• classical conditioning
• vicarious conditioning
• operant conditioning
• conditioned emotional responses

In John Watson's "Little Albert" experiment, what was the UCS?

• The white rat
• Anything white and furry
• The loud noise
• Fear

John Watson and his colleague, Rosalie Rayner, offered a live white rat to Little Albert and then made a loud noise behind his head by striking a steel bar with a hammer. The white rat served as the _____________ in their study.

• discriminative stimulus
• conditioned stimulus
• unconditioned stimulus
• extinguished stimulus

In Pavlov's experiment, the salivating to the sound of a bell is a(n)

• Unconditioned Stimulus

• Unconditioned Response

• Conditioned Stimulus

• Conditioned Response

When learning first takes place, we would say that __ has occurred.

• Acquisition
• Extinction
• Spontaneous Recovery
• Discrimination

Learning that occurs due to reward and punishment

• Classical Conditioning
• Operant Conditioning
• Learning
• Taste Aversion