M45 Reading Check

What is the response pattern of securely attached children in the strange situation when their mothers return?

• They tend to ignore their mothers because they are secure about her care.

• Sometimes they run over to their mothers and sometimes they do not; there's no consistent pattern in their responses.

• They tend to run over to their mothers and beg them not to leave again.

• They tend to go to their mothers for comfort.

• They hit their mothers.

A critical period is a stage in development when:

• specific stimuli have major effect on development that they do not produce at other times.

• children are resistant to any kind of discipline by their parents.

• new learning is prevented by older learning.

• bonding between the child and parents first takes place.

• the child first enters elementary school and needs

Harlow's experiment with rhesus monkeys and surrogate mothers emphasized the importance of:

• contact comfort.

• feeding.

• aesthetic needs.

• incentive theory.

• gender schema.

During what age range can humans most easily form close and long-term attachments to their caregivers?

• 1 week to 3 months

• 2 to 5 months

• 6 months to 3 years

• 2 to 4 years

• birth to death

An 18-month-old typically recognizes herself in a mirror. This self-awareness contributes to:

• self-assurance.

• self-concept.

• self-esteem.

• self-actualization.

• self-determination.

According to Diana Baumrind, which of the following parental styles results in the most socially competent and responsible adults?

• authoritatian

• authoritative

• uninvolved

• permissive

• indulgent

According to research done by Erik and Joan Erikson, children who are securely attached are also likely to be :

• parented by authoritarian parents.

• developing a sense of basic trust.

• raised in a neglectful environment.

• showing less stranger anxiety.

• able to think in an abstract manner.

Why are psychologists still cautious about labeling parenting styles? Why should this theory still be considered, yet regarded with caution?

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Combining the research of Ainsworth, Erikson, and Baumrind, what is necessary to help a child develop in a healthy social way? Describe in 3+ sentences using proper terminology.

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