Quiz about Physical Science Unit 1 Test Review

Question 1

A student creates diagrams of two models to show magnified views of molecular motion in a solid and a liquid, as shown.

Accepted Answer

Which sample has the most molecular motion?

Answer

Which sample has the most molecules?

Answer

Which sample has the largest molecules?

Answer

Which sample has molecules with definite volume?

Question 2

In which state of matter is there the most molecular motion?

Accepted Answer

Gas

Answer

Solid

Answer

Liquid

Answer

Plasma

Question 3

The correct phase sequence shown above is ________________, ________________, ________________.

Accepted Answer

Liquid, Gas, Solid

Answer

Gas, Solid, Liquid

Answer

Solid, Liquid, Gas

Answer

Gas, Liquid, Solid

Question 4

At room temperature, the metal mercury is a liquid. How could mercury be changed into a solid?

Accepted Answer

by removing energy to decrease molecular motion

Answer

by adding energy to increase molecular motion

Answer

by adding energy to decrease molecular motion

Answer

by removing energy to increase molecular motion

Question 5

Absolute zero represents a substance's minimum

Accepted Answer

internal molecular energy.

Answer

gravitational potential energy.

Answer

heat of fusion.

Answer

specific heat.

Question 6

The image shows the drawing a student made of ice molecules observed through an electron microscope.

Is the student's drawing correct?

Accepted Answer

No, because the molecules in the solid state are arranged in ordered arrays and do not move much relative to each other.

Answer

Yes, because the molecules in the solid state are arranged randomly and move randomly relative to each other.

Answer

No, because the molecules in the solid state are arranged in ordered arrays and move randomly relative to each other.

Answer

Yes, because the molecules in the solid state are arranged randomly and do not move much relative to each other.

Question 7

Which liquid has the highest viscosity?

Accepted Answer

x

Answer

w

Answer

y

Answer

z

Question 8

Which liquid has the weakest intermolecular forces?

Accepted Answer

z

Answer

w

Answer

x

Answer

y

Question 9

Which liquid would have the highest boiling point?

Accepted Answer

x

Answer

w

Answer

y

Answer

z

Question 10

The diagram shows atoms in two different states of matter. Use the diagram to answer any questions that follow.

Accepted Answer

A is a solid, and B is a liquid.

Answer

A is a gas, and B is a liquid.

Answer

A is a liquid, and B is a solid.

Answer

A is a gas, and B is a solid.

Question 11

If a gas is at a constant temperature and the pressure increases, what will happen to the volume?

Accepted Answer

The volume will decrease because it is inversely proportional to the pressure.

Answer

The volume will increase because it is directly proportional to the pressure.

Answer

The volume will decrease because it is directly proportional to the pressure.

Answer

The volume will increase because it is inversely proportional to the pressure.

Question 12

A football is left on the field outside during the winter months, the next morning the football was partially deflated. Using what you know about gas laws, explain what happened to the football.

Accepted Answer

Volume decreases due to less molecular motion of the gas inside the football.

Answer

Pressure decreases due to more molecular motion of the gas inside the football.

Answer

Volume increases due to more molecular motion of the gas inside the football.

Answer

Pressure increases due to more molecular motion of the gas inside the football.

Question 13

According to kinetic molecular theory, as the temperature of a confined gas rises, which of the following characteristics of the gas molecules increases?

Accepted Answer

average speed

Answer

size

Answer

density

Answer

number

Question 14

The graph shows the relationship between mass and volume.

What is the density of an object that has a volume of 600 milliliters (mL)?

Accepted Answer

0.001 g/mL

Answer

0.01 g/mL

Answer

0.1 g/mL

Answer

1.0 g/mL

Question 15

Read the text about an experiment with bottled soda.

"When soda bottles are sealed in a factory, the bottles are all the same temperature with the same pressure of gas inside. A student decides to perform an experiment to determine what changes will result from adjusting the temperatures of two sealed soda bottles. One bottle of soda is heated, while the other is cooled."

Which statement describes a result of the experiment?

Accepted Answer

The pressure of the gas increased in the bottle that was heated.

Answer

The total volume of gas in the cooled bottle increased.

Answer

The total volume of gas in the heated bottle increased.

Answer

The pressure of the gas increased in the bottle that was cooled.

Question 16

According to the gas laws..... when the temperature of a substance increases, what will happen to the volume of the substance?

Accepted Answer

The volume will increase.

Answer

The volume will decrease.

Answer

The volume will stay the same.

Answer

Not enough information given.

Question 17

The graph shows how the volume of helium gas changes as the temperature of the gas changes.

The measurements were taken at a constant pressure. What happens as the temperature of helium increases?

Accepted Answer

The volume of the gas increases.

Answer

The volume of the gas decreases.

Answer

The volume of the gas fluctuates.

Answer

The volume of the gas stays the same.

Question 18

If a gas stays at a constant pressure as the temperature of the gas is decreased, what will happen?

Accepted Answer

The volume will decrease.

Answer

The volume will increase.

Answer

The volume will stay the same.

Answer

The volume will double in size.

Question 19

Terry fills two balloons with the same amount of helium gas. She places one of her helium balloons in the freezer. After twenty minutes, she removes the balloon from the freezer and notices that it is smaller than the balloon that stayed at room temperature. Her balloons are shown below.

How does Terry correctly explain the difference in the size her balloons?

Accepted Answer

She says that an increase in temperature increases the volume of helium gas.

Answer

She says that an increase in pressure increases the volume of helium gas.

Answer

She says that a decrease in pressure decreases the volume of helium gas.

Answer

She says that a decrease in temperature increases the volume of helium gas.

Question 20

Which of the following statements concerning a saturated solution is incorrect?

Accepted Answer

Undissolved solute must be present.

Answer

Undissolved solute may or may not be present.

Answer

Undissolved solute, if present, is continually dissolving.

Answer

Undissolved solute, if present, is in equilibrium with the dissolved solute.

Question 21

A teacher puts solid adjustable air freshener (as seen above) in his classroom and let's it sit open for a week. At the end of the week the solid is gone, but no liquid was seen. What phase change can explain what occurred?

Accepted Answer

Sublimation, which is changing from solid to gas.

Answer

Condensation, which is changing from gas to liquid.

Answer

Melting, which is changing from solid to liquid.

Answer

Deposition, which is changing from gas to solid.

Question 22

Which image most likely represents the atomic structure of solid ice?

Accepted Answer

Option C is correct

Answer

A.

Answer

B.

Answer

D.

Question 23

Which type of energy is associated with the random motion of the particles in a sample of gas?

Accepted Answer

thermal energy

Answer

nuclear energy

Answer

chemical energy

Answer

electromagnetic energy

Question 24

Which of the following statements best describes absolute zero?

Accepted Answer

the temperature at which the molecules of a substance have minimum kinetic energy

Answer

the temperature at which water is at its triple point

Answer

the temperature at which the molecules of a substance have maximum kinetic energy

Answer

the temperature at which water freezes at standard pressure

Question 25

Kyle drew diagrams of molecules in three different states.

Which statement is most likely true about the intermolecular attractions between the molecules in Figure 3 compared with Figure 2?

Accepted Answer

The intermolecular attractions are weaker in Figure 3, which allows the molecules to move around more.

Answer

The intermolecular attractions are stronger in Figure 2, which allows the molecules to move around more.

Answer

The intermolecular attractions are stronger in Figure 3, which allows the molecules to move around less.

Answer

The intermolecular attractions are weaker in Figure 2, which allows the molecules to move around less.

Question 26

What is true about the relationship between pressure and volume of a gas?

Accepted Answer

The volume of a gas is inversely proportional to the pressure.

Answer

The volume of a gas is always double the pressure.

Answer

The volume of a gas is directly proportional to the pressure.

Answer

The volume of a gas does not change when the pressure increases.

Question 27

A container of gas is kept at constant pressure. Which best explains what will happen to the volume if the temperature of the gas is increased?

Accepted Answer

The volume will increase as the temperature increases.

Answer

The volume will decrease as the temperature increases.

Answer

The volume will increase twice as quickly as the temperature.

Answer

The volume will remain the same as the temperature increases.

Question 28

Which change would cause the volume of a balloon to increase?

Accepted Answer

increasing the temperature of the balloon

Answer

increasing the atmospheric pressure

Answer

removing gas from the balloon

Answer

placing the balloon under water

Question 29

Three identical bottles of soda are used in an experiment. One of the bottles is left at room temperature, another is cooled, and another is heated. Next, the bottles are opened and balloons are placed on top to capture the escaping gas. The temperatures and results are shown.

Which statement is true about the warmest bottle?

Accepted Answer

The greatest volume of gas has escaped from it into the balloon.

Answer

The smallest volume of gas has escaped from it into the balloon.

Answer

The unopened bottle originally contained the least amount of gas.

Answer

The unopened bottle originally contained the most amount of gas.

Question 30

Which chart correctly models the molecular arrangements in solids, liquids, and gases?

Accepted Answer

Option A is correct

Answer

B.

Answer

C.

Answer

D.

Physical Science Unit 1 Test Review

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