The Work of Mendel (12.1)

The study of the biological inheritance of traits is called...

• Genealogy

• Pedigree

• Genetics

• Cytology

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Gregor Mendel discovered many patterns of inheritance which led to the science of genetics. How did he do this

• Mendel practiced dog breading

• Mendel studied the offspring that resulted from the "crossing" of true-breeding apple trees

• Mendel studied the offspring of fruit flies

• Mendel crossed true-breeding parents and then crossed the F1 generations to produce F2 generations.

According to Mendel, fertilization is...

• asexual reproduction that produces offspring with mixed traits

• The production of a new "hybrid" cell when male and female gametes join together

• Planting pea seeds to produce new plants

• Allowing pea plants to self pollinate to produce seeds

What did Mendel mean when he spoke of "true-breeding" pea plants?

• A parental cross that produces only one type of plant for a specific trait (like pod color)

• A parental cross that produces only one type of allele for a specific trait ( like GG or gg)

• A parental cross that produces hybrid plants (like Gg)

• A parental cross between plants that are married.

A characteristic that is passed from one generation to another (like pod color) is MOST likely...

• a trait

• a gene

• an allele

• none of the above

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The segment of DNA on a chromosome that contains the genetic code for a specific characteristic is MOST likely...

• a genie

• a chromosome

• a gamete

• a gene

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What does it mean when it says, "Mendel crossed his stocks of true-breeding plants"?

• Mendel crossed plants that were homozygous for a particular trait ( like GG crossed with gg)

• Mendel crossed plants that were heterozygous for a particular trait ( like Gg crossed with Gg)

• Mendel crossed plants that were homozygous for 2 different traits ( like GG with TT)

• Mendel only crossed plants that were married

Which genotype is correct for a Hybrid plant?

• GG

• Gg

• gg

• None of the above

On of the inherited traits that Mendel studied in the pea plants was Seed Shape. The were 2 varieties of Seed Shape: Round and Wrinkled. When a true-breeding Round Seed Plant was crossed with a true-breeding Wrinkled Seed Plant, all of the F1 offspring were hybrids (Rr) with Round seeds.

Based on the information above, which is MOST likely a gene:

• Round seed

• Wrinkled Seed

• Seed Shape

• None of the above

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NGSS.HS-LS3-1

On of the inherited traits that Mendel studied in the pea plants was Seed Shape. The were 2 varieties of Seed Shape: Round and Wrinkled. When a true-breeding Round Seed Plant was crossed with a true-breeding Wrinkled Seed Plant, all of the F1 offspring were hybrids (Rr) with Round seeds.

Based on the information above, which are MOST likely the allele varieties for Seed Shape?

• Round and Wrinkled seeds

• Round Seeds only

• Wrinkled Seeds only

• RR

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