Principles of Management Final Exam

One of the common characteristics of all organizations is ________________, which clarifies members’ work relationships.

• its people

• its goals

• its deliberate structure

• its purpose

Organizing function includes ________________.

• defining organizational goals

• hiring organizational members

• motivating organizational members

• determining who does what tasks

“Hawthorne Studies” research project studied ________________.

• behaviors and sentiments

• group influences on individual behaviors

• influences of group standards on individual behaviors

• all the above

The five management functions of planning, organizing, commanding, coordinating, and controlling was proposed by ________________.

• Frederick W. Taylor

• Henry Ford

• Chester Barnard

• Henri Fayol

In the 1920s, a series of studies were conducted on workers at the Hawthorne plant of the Western Electric Company by Elton Mayo and Fritz Roethlisberger. The most important thing about these studies is that they ________________.

• helped employees understand their own behavior, beginning the employee empowerment movement

• stimulated interest in human behavior in organizations

• concluded that employees were no different from machines

• showed that managers had to be right in all their decisions

With traditional goal setting, the goals are set at the top level of management and ________________.

• then they become the responsibility of the first-line management to achieve the goals

• then they are broken down into sub-goals for each level of the organization

• all the efforts to achieve the goals are directed by the top management to ensure that they are achieved

• then they are delegated to the next lower level to be achieved

Planning is a decision making process that address the specific future of an organization. It involves defining the organization’s goals, establishing an overall strategy for achieving those goals, and developing a comprehensive set of plans ________________.

• to establish the quality and quantity of work to be accomplished

• to determine which shift will perform what tasks

• to determine which manager will be handling which department

• to integrate and coordinate organizational works

Management by objectives is a management system in which the first step is setting specific performance goals that are ________________.

• determined by top management with clarity so that the objectives are clear to even the most incompetent employees

• properly set and be accomplished easily

• jointly determined by employees and their managers

• developed in such a manner that the employees are self-directed and do not need supervision

The decision making process begins when someone identifies the real problem. Which of the following statements is the most accurate to describe the “problem”?

• The problem must be such that it exerts some types of pressure on the manager to act.

• Well-trained managers generally agree on what is considered a problem.

• A symptom and a problem are basically the same.

• To be considered a problem, managers must be aware of the discrepancy but not have the resources necessary to take action.

Which of the following is the most suitable example to describe the principle of decentralization?

• Thinaah has been given more powers to decide the budget for her new project.

• A manager should not fall in the temptation of misusing his/her powers for personal gains.

• Company has suggestion box system to encourage suggestions from employees.

• Personnel should be given reasonable time to show results.