Islam split into 2 branches over the issue of

• who could succeed Muhammad

• how to conquer new territories

• whether to continue observing the Five Pillars of Faith

• the language of the Qur'an

What was the main difference between the Sunni and Shi'a branches of Islam?

• The Shi'a did not oppose the Umayyad dynasty but the Sunnis did

• The Sunnis wished to expand Islam beyond the Arabian Peninsula, the Shi'a wished to remain near Mecca

• The Shi'a believed that the caliph needed to be a relative of Muhammad, Sunnis thought the caliph could be any Muslim who lived according to Muhammad's example

• Sunnis the Islamic capital to be in Medina, the Shi'a wanted it to be in Jerusalem

Base your answers to the next 2 questions on the map of the spread of Islam. According to the map, by A.D. 750 Islam had spread from

• Mecca to Asia Minor

• the Indus River to the Atlantic

• Fez to Cairo

• Medina to Tripoli

What is the best conclusion based on the information provided by the map in question 3, the question right before this one?

• Islam became a prominent religion in many diverse regions over time

• Islam was very slow to expand from its original birthplace in Persia

• Islam spread to regions that had cultures similar to those of Arabia

• Islam's influence has decreased since it was founded

Who did Muslims consider the "People of the Book"?

• Greeks and Zoroastrians

• only Muslims

• Hindus and Buddhists

• Jews and Christians

How did trade impact Islam?

• Islam spread as people from the Middle East refused to trade.

• Islam lost supporters as West African kingdoms conquered the Middle East.

• Islam spread as trading networks grew.

• Islam lost supporters as religion lost cultural importance.

What was the name of the institution where Islamic scholars translated scientific and philosophical texts into Arabic?

• The Ka'aba

• The House of Wisdom

• Timbuktu

• The Dome of the Rock

What is a Caliph?

• The building in Mecca that Muhammad dedicated to Allah

• A "successor," specifically a successor to Muhammad as leader of Muslims

• The act of spreading Islam

• A Muslim Mongol

Knowledge of astronomy helped Muslims

• navigate and fulfill religious obligations

• figure out the Pythagorean Theorem

• verify the accuracy of their solar calendar

• understand the concept of zero

A major contribution of the Golden Age of Islam was

• the development of intercontinental trade

• the creation of the first monotheistic religion

• the spread of democracy

• advancements in math and science