Cognition Vocabulary Review

The three steps to information processing (in order) are...

• encoding, storage, retrieval

• storage, retrieval, encoding

• working memory, short term memory, long term memory

• short term memory, long term memory, working memory

Multiple choice questions test our ________ while short answer questions test our _________.

• recall; recognition

• recognition; recall

• short term memory; long term memory

• long term memory; short term memory

Which accurately describes the difference between working and short term memory?

• Short term memory can hold onto information for a longer period of time

• Working memory includes the active processing of information to include retrieval of stored information

• Working memory, unlike short term memory, is seen as a temporary storage space

• Working memory is where we take in auditory and visual information

____________ occurs unconsciously while _____________ requires attention and awareness.

• automatic processing; effortful processing

• effortful processing; automatic processing

• shallow processing; deep processing

• deep processing; shallow processing

In history class, James is effortfully connecting the new material to what he has learned in the past. This making of connections in the moment best describes James’

• Iconic memory

• Echoic memory

• Sensory memory

• Working memory

Which of the following would be an example of deep processing vocabulary words into semantic memory?

• Thinking about how the words relate to your own life
  

• Practicing the words for a single extended period

• Breaking up the practice into several relatively short sessions

• Noticing where in a sentence the words appear

Echoic memory and iconic memory are both types of this type of storage.

• Sensory memory

• Short term memory

• Working memory

• Long term memory

Which of the following is an example of a flashbulb memory?

• Barry remembers an especially bright sunrise because he was by the ocean and the sunlight reflected off the water.
  

• Robert remembers that correlations does not prove a cause-effect relationship because his teacher emphasized this fact over and over again.

• Anna remembers when her father returned from an overseas military deployment because the day was very emotional for her.

• Kris has stronger memories of her second grade teacher than she does of her third grade teacher because her second grade teacher has the same as her neighbor.

Which of the following is an example of the serial position effect?

• Remembering the most important assignment
  

• Remembering the skills you learned early in life, such as walking

• Remembering the beginning and end of your grocery list, but not the items in the middle

• Remembering the names of co-workers you met at your new job

You will experience less _____________ if you learn new material in the hour before sleep than you will if you learn it before turning to another subject.

• proactive interference

• retroactive interference

• retrieval interference

• context interference