AP Biology Regulation of Gene Expression

What is the flow of genetic information in cells from DNA to protein? (Central Dogma)

• RNA to DNA to protein
• DNA to RNA to protein
• protein to DNA to RNA
• RNA to protein to DNA

How can a person's muscle cells have the same exact DNA sequences as their nerve cells even though they look and perform completely different?

• The two different cells become mutated

• The proteins expressed in each cell are different

• They actually have different DNA in the two types of cells.

• The genome of the different cells changes

In eukaryotes, DNA is tightly coiled around ____ in chromatin

• Histones

• Whey

• Casein

• Hemoglobin

In eukaryotic cells, transcription cannot begin until

• the two DNA strands have completely separated and exposed the promoter.

• transcription factors have bound to the promoter.

• the 5' caps are removed from the mRNA.

• the DNA introns are removed from the template.

Which of the follwoing best describes the significance of the TATA box in eukaryotic promoters?

• it is the recognition site for a specific transcription factor
• it sets the reading frame of the mRNA
• it is the recognition site for ribosomal binding
• it signals the end of the nucleotide sequence of the gene

A chemical modification of DNA that does not affect the nucleotide sequence of a gene but makes that gene less likely to be expressed.

• methylation
• acetylation
• transcription
• translation

Which of the following is an example of post-transcriptional control of gene expression?

• the addition of methyl groups to cytosine bases of DNA
• the binding of transcription factors to a promoter
• the removal of introns and splicing together of exons
• gene amplification contributing to cancer

The parts of a gene that do NOT code for amino acids in a protein are called

• introns
• exons
• codons
• anticodons

The production of mature mRNA in eukaryotes involves

• cutting introns out and spicing exons together
• adding the 5' cap
• adding the 3' poly A tail
• all of these are correct

A protein that binds to the operator and blocks the RNA polymerase

• regulator
• repressor
• activator
• corepressor