The Renaissance philosophy of humanism emphasizes the importance of:

• trade as the primary method of building a country’s wealth

• the accomplishments and capabilities of individual human beings

• religious rather than secular teachings

• technological innovations

The global transfer of foods, plants, and animals during the colonization of the Americas is known as the

• Scientific Revolution

• New Imperialism

• Columbian Exchange

• Middle Passage

What was the main reason for Henry VIII's split with the Roman Catholic Church?

• his religious beliefs

• his unwillingness to pay Church taxes

• his desire for a male heir

• his treatment of Catherine of Aragon

The map of Africa above best explains which of the following developments in African history?

• The migration of Bantu-speaking peoples

• The diffusion of culture throughout the Islamic world

• The emergence and growth of West African kingdoms

• The growth of forced labor through chattel slavery

Which of the following BEST defines the Renaissance?

• a European period in the 1600s and 1700s that focused on the value of reason

• a period from the 1300s to 1600s that brought new beliefs, culture, and art to Europe

• a movement in the 1500s and 1600s during which religious leaders broke away from the Catholic Church in Europe

• a European movement from 1800 to 1850 that emphasized the imagination and feelings

The religious order developed by Ignatius Loyola during the Catholic counter-reformation

• Franciscans

• Jesuits

• Dominicans

• Anti−Lutherans

Martin Luther was primarily dissatisfied with the Roman Catholic Church because he

• thought the church lacked structure

• disagreed with the sale of indulgences.

• blamed the church for not curing people who had the plague.

• . believed that kings should have more power to appoint clergy

How did the expansion of sugar plantations in the Americas change the trans-Atlantic economy?

• by improving the efficiency of manufacturing

  processes

• by increasing the demand for slave labor

• by increasing the need for market competition

• by improving the design of farming equipment

The Renaissance played an important role in launching the Age of Exploration by:

• Creating great works of art that could be sold to people in the Americas

• Encouraging a new spirit of adventure and curiosity

• Bringing artist from around the world to study Renaissance techniques.

• Causing a split of the Catholic Church

Which Protestant reformer preached the idea of predestination?

• Martin Luther

• John Wesley

• Henry VIII

• John Calvin

Answer explanation

Johannes Gutenberg invented the movable type press.