Mangrove Ecosystem

Diagram below shows three types of plants, X, Y and Z, in a mangrove swamp.

What are plants X, Y and Z?

• A

• B

• C

• D

Diagram shows a type of root of a species in mangrove swamp. What is X ?

• Prop root

• Cable root

• Buttress root

• Pneumatophore

What is the main function of the Avicennia sp. roots?

• To supply more oxygen

• To trap mud from sea water

• To reduce the effects of sea waves on the plants

• To increase its surface area for the absorption of mineral salts

Diagram (a) shows a root system in a mangrove tree while diagram (b) shows the profile of a mangrove swamp. Which zone the root system in diagram (a) can be found ?

• A

• B

• C

• D

Diagram shows an adaptation of the seedlings of a mangrove plant. Which of the following is the importance of structure Y ?

• To ensure the survival of the seedling.

• To support the seedling in the muddy soil.

• To reduce transpiration during hot day.

• To ensure the gaseous exchange can occur in the water.

Diagram shows three different zones at a mangrove swamp. Which types of roots are correctly matched to the dominant mangrove plants in the zones R, S and T?

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