IGCSE P.E. Ch. 1.4 - 1.6: Muscles and Muscle Fibres

Suggest one muscle that is working as the AGONIST in the movement between image A to B?

• Tibialis Anterior

• Gastrocnemius

• Quadriceps

• Hamstring

Suggest one muscle that is working as the ANTAGONIST in the movement between image A to B?

• Tibialis Anterior

• Gastrocnemius

• Quadriceps

• Hamstring

Suggest the agonist muscle between images A and B.

• Bicep

• Tricep

• Deltoid

Suggest the type of muscular contraction is taking place in the image.

• Isotonic

• Concentric

• Eccentric

• Isometric

Suggest three physical activities that predominantly use Fast-twitch muscle fibres.

• High jump

• Long Jump

• Marathon Running

• Javelin

• Cycling

Suggest two physical activities that predominantly use Slow-twitch muscle fibres.

• 100-meter Sprint

• Long Jump

• Marathon Running

• Cross Country Run

Suggest four features of Slow-twitch muscle fibres.

• Produce little force

• Are white in colour

• Uses oxygen for energy

• Contract Slowly

• Does not tire easily

Suggest the type of muscular contractions that occur once the athlete starts to run.

[3]

• Isotonic

• Concentric

• Eccentric

• Isometric

Suggest four features of Fast-twitch muscle fibres.

• Produce a large amount of force

• Are white in colour

• Fatigue easily

• Contract Slowly

• Good for strength and power activities

Describe two differences between slow-twitch muscle fibres and fast-twitch muscle fibres.

[2]

Answer explanation

2 from:

fast twitch contracts quickly AND slow-twitch contracts slowly;

Fast-twitch produces large force AND slow-twitch produces little force;

Fast-twitch low fatigue tolerance and tire quickly AND Slow-twitch high fatigue tolerance, do not tire quickly and can work for long period of time

Fast-twitch good for strength / power / speed AND Slwo-twitch good for endurance;

Fast-twitch uses anaerobic energy supply AND Slow-twitch uses aerobic energy supply

Fast-twitch are white colour AND Slow-twitch are red colour