UNIT 4

There is no one universally applicable set of management principles (rules) by which to manage organizations

• Contingency Approach

• Transformational Leadership

• NONE

• Transactional Leadership

Someone who can influence others and who has managerial authority

• LEADER

• MANAGER

1. Transactional Leadership

• t promotes compliance with existing organizational goals and performance expectations through supervision and the use of rewards and punishments

• Are task- and outcome-oriented

• Especially effective under strict time and resource constraints and in highly-specified projects

• ALL

◦ It focuses on increasing employee motivation and engagement and attempts to link employees’ sense of self with organizational values.

• Transformational Leadership

• Transactional LeadershiP

management functions in sequences

• planning , organizing , controlling , leading

• planning , organizing , leading ,controlling

• planning , leading ,controlling , organizing

• planning , leading, organizing ,controlling

This leadership style emphasizes leading by example, so followers can identify with the leader’s vision and values

• Transactional Leadership

• Transformational Leadership