American History Mid-Term Review

How'd the Magna Carta and English Bill of Rights (1689) have a similar impact on American gov?

• Both guaranteed specific rights to individuals

• Both called for the creation of colonial assemblies

• Both granted executive authority to colonial governors

• Both gave settlers the power to establish colonies

Which phrase reflects John Locke’s idea that the people are the source of government?

• "all men are . . . endowed...with certain unalienable rights"

• "governments long established should not be changed for light causes"

• "that all men are created equal,"

• "deriving their just powers from the consent of the governed"

Select ALL of the statements which were part of the Northwest Ordinance of 1787:

• All individuals living in the area had the right to vote

• Congress appoints group of 5 leaders to govern the territory

• Slavery was to be banned in all parts of the NW territory

• People living in the area were given right to trial by jury

The major reason the Bill of Rights was added to the United States Constitution was to

• limit the power of state governments

• protect individual liberties against abuse by federal government

• separate powers between the three branches of government

• provide for equal treatment of all people

Which is NOT an argument used by the Anti-Federalists in the writing of the U.S. Constitution?

• The national government holds too much power compared to states

• The use of a standing army threatens the liberty of citizens

• The rights of citizens should be listed in the Constitution

• The rights of citizens are inherent and don't need to be defined

The rights of the accused (someone charged with committing a crime) are protected in the Bill of Rights. Choose 2 documents that influenced the rights of the accused in the U.S. Bill of Rights.

• Protection from excessive bail (English Bill of Rights)

• Freedom of the press (Virginia Declaration of Rights)

• Due process of law (Northwest Ordinance)

• Social Contract (Enlightenment writings)

Which development caused the other three?

• rapid growth of industry

• widespread use of child labor

• growth of tenements and slums

• shift from a rural to an urban lifestyle

Many wealthy US industrialists of the late 19th century used the theory of Social Darwinism to

• support the labor union movement

• justify monopolistic actions & explain existence of poverty

• promote legislation establishing a minimum wage

• encourage charitable organizations to help the poor

In the 19th century, national labor unions wanted to improve the position of workers mainly by:

• using government troops to settle labor disputes

• supporting government ownership of major industries

• endorsing a third political party for workers only

• obtaining legal rights to organize and bargain collectively

The purpose of the Sherman Antitrust Act (1890), and the Clayton Antitrust Act (1914) was to:

• eliminate unfair business practices and increase competition

• reduce imports from foreign nations

• increase the power of local governments

• reduce the power of the unions