6.3 Defense Against Infectious Disease IB Questions

Which cells are subject to attack by HIV?

• Lymphocytes

• Erythrocytes

• Platelets

• Phagocytes

What is a feature of phagocytic white blood cells?

• Stimulate blood clotting

• Found only in the circulatory system

• Form part of non-specific immunity

• Produce antibodies

The graph should the results of measuring two factors in the blood patterns of patients with HIV/AIDS. What do X and Y represent?

• X= Virus, Y=Lymphocytes

• X=Antibodies, Y=Virus

• X=Virus, Y=Red Blood Cells

• X=Lymphocytes, Y= Antibodies

What is non-specific immunity to disease?

• Blocking prokaryotic metabolism with antibiotics

• Production of antibodies by lymphocytes

• Endocytosis of pathogens by white blood cells

• Production of cloned plasma cells

The diagram shows the major events involved in the formation of a blood clot. What is factor Y?

• Fibrin

• Prothrombin

• Fibrinogen

• Thrombin

Which statement applies to HIV?

• HIV infects red blood cells resulting in decreased production of hemoglobin.

• HIV can be effectively treated using antibiotics.

• HIV can only be transmitted by sexual intercourse.

• HIV causes a reduction in production of antibodies.

Florey and Chain’s penicillin experiments would not be compliant with current protocols on testing. How was their work out of compliance with today’s standards?

• They did animal testing.

• They tested on humans after animal testing with only eight mice.

• They did not use sterile technique for culturing the bacteria.

• They used lethal quantities of bacteria during their tests.

Why are antibiotics effective in curing diseases against some pathogens but not others?

I.   Antibiotics interrupt processes found in some but not all pathogen cells.

II.  Some pathogens have no metabolic processes to interrupt.

III. Some pathogens have developed genetic resistance to specific antibiotics.

• I only

• II only

• III only

• I, II and III

A combination of antibiotics and bioengineered antibodies to bacterial antigens is now being used in hospitals to treat bacterial infections. What makes this method more effective than just using antibiotics alone?

• Increases selective pressure on bacteria to evolve antibiotic resistance

• Bacteria become noticeable to phagocytes

• Antibodies can be cloned by the immune system

• Blocks metabolic pathways in bacteria

The body has different defenses against infectious disease. Which cells provide non-specific immunity?

• Memory cells

• Phagocytic white blood cells

• Plasma cells

• Hybridoma cells