Biology of skin color

What does this image represent?

• weather conditions

• amount of ultraviolet light intensity

• skin color

• altitude

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NGSS.MS-ESS2-6

NGSS.MS-ESS2-5

Traveling away from the equator, what happens in general to the amount of UV intensity?

• The intensity decreases.

• The intensity increases

• The intensity stays the same.

• It is impossible to predict.

Who would be most at risk of developing rickets, a bone disease caused by insufficient calcium absorption?

• Children born to mothers with dark skin living far from the equator.

• Adults with dark skin who live close to the equator.

• Children born to mothers with light skin, living close to the equator.

• Adults with light skin who live close to the equator.

• Anyone who eats a diet that includes a lot of fish

What is melanin?

• A protein pigment that absorbs and reflects light
• A protein that is waterproof and tough
• A cell found in the epidermis
• A vitamin that helps you sleep

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NGSS.MS-LS1-5

Different tones of human skin color evolved 

• in response to varying levels of UV radiation in the environment
• Randomly and for no reason at all

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NGSS.HS-LS4-4

NGSS.HS-LS4-5

If a person lives in an environment with low radiation what kind of skin color would be the best adapted

• Darker skin tones to increase production of Vitamin D Synthesis
• Darker skin tones to protect DNA and Folate
• Lighter Skin tones to increase production of Vitamin D
• Lighter Skin tones to protect DNA and Folate

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NGSS.HS-LS4-4

How does melanin protect cell's DNA from the damaging effects of Ultraviolet light?

• It relies on folate

• It doesn't you must use sunscreen

• it activates vitamin D3 production which takes care of that

• Forms a protective cap over the nucleus of skin cells

What is the evolutionary benefit for dark skin near the equator?

• Skin cancer protection

• Folate Protection

• Easier vitamin D production

• More than one of the above is correct

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NGSS.HS-LS4-4

What is the evolutionary benefit of light skin in the northern latitude.

• Skin cancer protection
• Folate Protection
• It has no evolutionary relationship
• Easier vitamin D production

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NGSS.HS-LS4-4

What does sunlight (UV exposure) do to folate in our body?

• breaks it down

• builds it up

• creates it

• makes it stronger