OB Ch5

________ is the process by which individuals organize and interpret their sensory impressions in order to give meaning to their environment.

• Attribution

• Apprehension

• Impression

• Perception

________ explains the ways in which we judge people differently, depending on the meaning we assign to a given behavior.

• Attribution theory

• Equity theory

• Attachment theory

• Object relations theory

Which of the following is an example of internally caused behavior?

• An employee was late for a team meeting because of a heavy downpour.

• An employee was laid off because the company was attempting to cut costs by laying off employees.

• An employee was fired from work because he violated a company policy.

• An employee could not attend an interview because of a delayed flight.

According to the attribution theory, if everyone who faces a similar situation responds in the same way, we can say the behavior shows ________.

• distinctiveness

• tractability

• consensus

• consistency

Samantha is never late for work, but last Monday she arrived an hour late because of heavy traffic. According to the attribution theory, Samantha's behavior on that day scores ________.

• high on reliability

• low on distinctiveness

• high on traceability

• low on consistency

Individuals engage in ________ because it is impossible for them to assimilate everything they see and can take in only certain stimuli.

• selective perception

• cognitive dissonance

• self-serving bias

• emotional labor

________ refers to the evaluation of a person's characteristics that is affected by comparisons with other people recently encountered who rank higher or lower on the same characteristics.

• Halo effect

• Contrast effect

• Confirmation bias

• Stereotyping

Judging someone on the basis of one's perception of the group to which the person belongs is called ________.

• confirmation bias

• stereotyping

• framing effect

• self-serving bias

A manager doing performance appraisals gives more weight to recent employee behaviors than to behaviors of six or nine months earlier. This shows that the manager's perception is affected by ________ bias.

• self-serving

• availability

• impact

• distinction

Emily Boyce, a project manager at an insurance firm, regularly satisfices while making decisions. She often comes across complicated problems which would take a long time to resolve. Due to the pressing deadlines, she often meets project goals by satisficing a large number of her decisions. Which of the following is Boyce most likely to do?

• seek complete information while making decisions

• search for solutions that are reasonable

• identify all possible options to solutions

• analyze each alternative in an unbiased manner