Big Bang Theory and Planets, Gravity and Tides Test

The gravitational force between two objects depends on

• the mass of the objects and the distance between their centers

• the circumference of the objects and the distance between them

• the weight of the objects and the distance between their centers

• the mass of the objects and half the distance between them

• none are correct

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS2-4

What is the name for the cloud of interstellar gas and dust that condensed to form the entire solar system, including the sun and planets?

• solar nebula

• reflection nebula

• emission nebula

• planetary nebula

• catastrophic nebula

Which of these statements is considered to be true?

• The planets formed after an asteroid crashed into the sun.

• The sun and planets formed from different balls of gas and dust.

• The planets formed when they were captured by our sun's orbit as they passed by it through space from another galaxy.

• The sun and planets formed from the same ball of gas and dust.

• The planets formed when two stars collided.

What is gravity?

• Something that affects humans only and causes them to be attracted to each other.

• A repellant force that makes everything fall.

• One of the fundamental forces of the universe, one that causes every object in the universe to attract every other object.

• We don't know yet.

• One of the fundamental forces of the universe, one that causes every object to repel every other object.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS2-4

NGSS.MS-PS2-5

Why can you not easily notice a force of gravity between a baseball and a tennis ball?

• There is no force between them.

• Because their masses are too small.

• You can, we're just too wrapped up in ourselves to notice.

• Because they are too far apart.

• Because their masses are too large.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS2-4

Why can you not feel a force of attraction between you and the planet Mars?

• Because Mars is too small.

• Because there is no force of attraction between you and the planet Mars.

• Because it is too far away - gravity decreases with distance.

• Because you are too small.

• Because your senses are fooling you.

Which of the following describes a role of gravity in the formation of our solar system?

I. In the early stages of solar system formation, a fragment of an interstellar cloud of dust and gas collapsed and began rotating under the influence of gravity.

II. The eight planets were originally orbiting a nearby star, and the Sun's gravity pulled those planets into orbit around the Sun.

III. Gravity caused small particles in the rotating solar nebula to stick together and form larger particles. This process repeated itself, forming larger and larger particles that eventually became planets.

IV. The combined gravities of the planets pulled the Sun away from a nearby star cluster and into the center of the solar system.

• I, II, III and IV

• I, III and IV only

• I and III only

• I, II and III only

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS1-2

Students are using balloons to describe the expanding universe model. THe students blow up several balloons and put them on the floor. Each balloon represents a different galaxy.

How should the students move or change the balloons to demonstrate how the universe is expanding?

• All of the balloons should be moved to the center of the floor.

• Each balloon should be inflated more so that they are all increasing in size.

• Each balloon should be deflated so that there is more distance between the surface of each balloon.

• All of the balloons should be moved away from each other so there is more distance between them.

In the stars, hydrogen nuclei combine with each other to form helium and other heavier elements. What is this process called?

• wave motion

• convection

• fission

• fusion

Tags

NGSS.HS-ESS1-1

NGSS.HS-ESS1-3

NGSS.HS-PS1-8

Scientists have observed that the light emitted from faraway galaxies is shifted toward the red on the electromagnetic spectrum compared to similar galaxies that are closer. This is called a redshift.

How does this data support the idea that the universe began with a period of rapid expansion and is continuing to expand?

• The redshift indicates the types of matter in the galaxies.

• The redshift indicates that the galaxies are moving away rapidly.

• The redshift indicates the age of the galaxies.

• The redshift indicates that the galaxies are getting closer together.

Tags

NGSS.HS-ESS1-2