USHC Unit 4 Review #1 - Wilson HS

In the late 19^th century, critics of big business claimed that monopolies most harmed the economy by doing which of the following?

• Limiting competition

• Decreasing the urban growth rate

• Preventing technological innovation

• Failing to keep peace with European industries

John D. Rockefeller expanded the Standard Oil Corporation through what process?

• Vertical integration

• Scientific management

• Supply-slide economics

• Horizontal integration

When is a production system considered to be vertical integration?

• When there is no competition in the market for the product

• When a company controls the entire production process

• When the management and labor share in profits

• When labors for that product belong to the same union

During the late 1800s, trusts were used by big business in an effort to...

• Increase imports

• Limit competition

• Improve working conditions

• Reduce corporate income taxes

Why do some historians label John D. Rockefeller and other big businessmen of the Gilded Age as “Robber Barons”?

• They mimicked the lifestyles of medieval lords

• Many owned large estates in the western part of the country

• Some stole large sums of money from the federal treasury

• They were ruthless competitors who cheated and exploited workers

Which of the following introduces the idea that the wealthiest individuals should give back for the betterment of society?

• Horatio Alger’s Rags to Riches stories

• Andrew Carnegie’s “Gospel of Wealth” philosophy

• William Jennings Bryan’s “Cross of Gold” speech

• Charles Darwin’s theory of evolution

In the late 1800s, the theory of laissez-faire capitalism was used many industrialists to...

• Petition the government for assistance during times of financial crisis

• Oppose colonial expansion in Africa and Asia

• Argue against government regulation of business practices

• Defend limits on the number of immigrants allowed to work in factories

During the late 1800s, why did presidents and governors most often use military force during labor management conflicts?

• To support industrialists and end strikes

• To make employers sign collective bargaining agreements

• To protect workers from the private armies of employers

• To replace striking factory workers with soldiers

How did the government attempt to limit the power and influence of monopolies in the late 19^th century?

• By passing the Sherman Antitrust Act

• By outlawing the spoils system

• By creating the Commerce Department

• By adopting laissez-faire policy

The formation of national labor unions in the late 1800s was mainly a response to...

• Passage of federal laws that favored workers

• Laws restricting immigration and naturalization

• Poor working conditions and low wages in many industries

• Economic depressions that had led to a high level of unemployment