Ch 5 - Infancy: Cognitive Development

In the fourth substage of the sensorimotor period, infants coordinate schemes to attain goals; that is, they begin to show intentional, goal-directed behavior. This substage lasts approximately from

• 4 to 8 months of age.

• 8 to 12 months of age.

• 12 to 18 months of age.

• 18 to 24 months of age.

Which of the following is other than a prelinguistic vocalization?

• holophrases.

• crying.

• cooing.

• babbling.

Infants typically say words beginning at about the age of

• 6 months.

• 12 months.

• 18 months.

• 24 months.

Which of the following is accurate about the Bayley Scales of Infant Development?

• Most infants are not yet ready to take them.

• Infants can be tested for motor skills but not for mental skills.

• The scales predict long-term cognitive development but are not reliable from testing to testing.

• The scales do not predict school grades or IQ scores among school children.

Infants do not use their tongues when they

• babble.

• cry.

• coo.

• imitate words.

What is the relationship between a child's receptive vocabulary development and his or her expressive vocabulary development?

• Receptive vocabulary develops more rapidly than expressive vocabulary.

• Expressive vocabulary develops more rapidly than receptive vocabulary.`

• Receptive vocabulary and expressive vocabulary develop at the same pace.

• There is so much individual variation that it is not possible to generalize about the relationship between receptive vocabulary and expressive vocabulary.

A child typically spontaneously creates two-word sentences sometime between the ages of

• 4 and 8 months.

• 8 and 12 months.

• 12 and 18 months.

• 18 and 24 months.

For the first couple of years, a child's vocabulary is mainly made of

• verbs.

• adjectives.

• adverbs.

• nouns.

In the study in which two-year-old "Ben" and an adult have a conversation about candy,

• Ben extends the meaning of the word candy to include animals.

• Ben uses his own understanding of syntax to produce his own language.

• Ben imitates a model but does not understand why he is doing it.

• Ben imitates the model and his language development is accelerated.

Which of the following is not a characteristic of Infant-directed speech, or "motherese"?

• brief sentences.

• the diminutive morpheme y is frequently added to nouns.

• speaking slowly and with a higher pitch than normal.

• correcting children when their vocabulary or syntax is incorrect.