Enlightenment, Scientific Revolution and Absolutism

A form of government where one person holds unlimited and complete control of the state without any restrictions on power is

• Direct democracy

• Absolute monarchy

• Representative democracy

• Constitutional monarchy

Many European absolute monarchs justified their right to rule based on

• Supreme Law

• Divine Right

• Papal authority (Pope's permission)

• Their popularity

The English political philosopher who argued all humans are born with natural rights including life, liberty, and property was

• Jean Rousseau

• Baron de Montesquieu

• Voltaire

• John Locke

The French political philosopher who believed in separating powers of government into different branches to avoid abuse of power was

• Jean Rousseau

• Baron de Montesquieu

• Voltaire

• John Locke

The philosophical idea that people give up some rights in exchange for the order and protection an efficient government can provided is called the

• Magna Carta

• Scientific method

• Great Awakening

• Social contract

Thomas Hobbes supported which form of government?

• A republic

• A direct democracy

• An absolute monarchy

• He argued against any form of government. (Anarchy)

Also known as the "Sun King, " this absolute monarch transformed France into a European superpower in the 17th century?

• Charles I

• Louis XIV

• Peter the Great

• Napoleon III

Why did Hobbes believe in Absolute Monarchies?

• He felt Absolute Monarchs would protect the people from foreign invaders.

• He believed people were wicked and needed to be controlled by powerful leaders.

• He thought democracy did not give citizens enough say in the day to day running of countries.

• Hobbes thought people would lose freedoms in a democracy.

Which monarch attempted to “westernize” Russia; he built a new capital along the Baltic coast at St. Petersberg?

• Elizabeth I

• Ivan the Terrible

• Peter the Great

• Louis XIV

Theory that the planets and stars revolve around the sun.

• The heliocentric theory
• The geocentric theory
• The social contract
• The scientific method