Amsco Unit #4.1 to 4.3 Vocabualry

Europeans faced competition from Middle Eastern traders based in kingdoms such as Oman. For example, the Portuguese set up forts in Oman but were repeatedly challenged by attempts to remove them.

• Omani-European Rivalry

• Trading Post Empire

• Maritime Empires

• African Diaspora

became the first European monarch to sponsor seafaring expeditions, to search for an all-water route to the east as well as for African gold. Under him, Portugal began importing enslaved Africans by sea, replacing the overland slave trade

• Vasco Da Gama

• Ferdinand Magellan

• Bartholomew Dias

• Prince Henry

  "The Navigator"

Is a small, fast Spanish or Portuguese sailing ship of the 15th–17th centuries

• Fluyte

• Caravel

• Galleon

• Carrack

Was a historical sea passage of the North American continent. It represents centuries of effort to find a route westward from the Atlantic Ocean to the Pacific Ocean through the Arctic Archipelago of what became Canada

• Northwest Passage

• Columbian Exchange

• African Diaspora

• Trading Post Empire

Is a form of imperial dominance based on control of trade rather than on  control of subject peoples

• Maritime Empires

• Omani-European Rivalry

• Trading Post Empire

• Engenhos

is a colonial-era Portuguese term for a sugar cane mill and the associated facilities. In Spanish-speaking countries such as Cuba and Puerto Rico, they are called ingenios. Both words mean engine (from latin ingenium). The word engenho usually only referred to the mill, but it could also describe the area as a whole including land, a mill, the people who farmed and who had a knowledge of sugar production, and a crop of sugar cane

• African Diaspora

• Engenhos

• Columbia Exchange

• Northwest Passage

Are agricultural crops that are planted for the purpose of selling on the market or for export to make profit, as distinguished from subsistence crops planted for the purpose of self-supply of the farmer

• Columbian Exchange

• Cash Crops

• Engenhos

• Mercantilism

Meant that not all sons of the wealthy could own land and  all of each estate went to the eldest son.

• Mercantilism

• Primogentire Laws

• African Diaspora

• Omani-European Rivalry

This extensive trade transformed Spain, Portugal, Great Britain, France, and Holland into which was based on sea trave

• Trading Post Empires

• Mercantilism

• Mairtime Empires

• Columbian Exchange

Was when the Eastern and Western Hemispheres became linked in a new way, sharing disease, foods, and animals.

• Columbian Exchange

• Trading Post Empire

• Mercantilism

• African Diaspora