SLA - Chapter 3

When interlanguage development stops before a learner reaches target language norms, it is called _____.

_____ refers to the universal sequence in the grammatical development of language learners.

_____ refer(s) to properties of all languages of the world; part of Chomsky’s Universal Grammar.

_____ can be referred to as the basis for the classification of languages according to whether a specific feature occurs more frequently than a contrasting element in the same category, is less complex structurally or conceptually, or is more “normal” or “expected” along some dimension (rendering it “unmarked” as opposed to “marked” in that respect).

_____ is a term used by Chomsky for a “component of the human mind” that accounts for children’s innate knowledge of language.

_____ can be referred to as a developmental process in which a grammatical function (such as the expression of past time) is first conveyed by shared extralinguistic knowledge and inferencing based on the context of discourse, then by a lexical word (such as yesterday), and only later by a grammatical marker (such as the suffix -ed).

_____ refer(s) to the inappropriate influence of an L1 structure or rule on L2 use. It is also called negative transfer.

_____ refer(s) to a linguistic framework, developed most prominently by Chomsky, which claims that L1 acquisition can be accounted for only by innate knowledge that the human species is genetically endowed with. This knowledge includes what all languages have in common.

_____ refer(s) to the intermediate states or interim grammars of learner language as it moves toward the target L2.

Match the following theories with their central figures (write your answer as: 1A, 2B, ...)