Planning

_______ describes one of the concepts, that is crucial for the smooth running of an organisation. Name that concept.

• Planning

• Management

• Organising

• Coordination

Planning is an ________ process of deciding in advance what is to be done, who is to do it, how it is to be done and when it is to done.

• Continous

• Future oriented

• Integrated

• Intellectual

Planning is deciding in advance what to do, how to do it, when to do it, and who is to do it defined by

• George Terry

• Dalton McFarland

• Koontz and O'Donnell

• M. E. Hurley

All other managerial functions are performed within the framework of the plans drawn. Identify the related feature of planning.

• ) Planning focuses on achieving objectives.

• (b) Planning is pervasive

• Planning is futuristic

• Planning is primary function of management

The process of planning involves formulating alternative courses of action and choosing the best course to achieve specified objectives.

• Flexible

• Decision making

• Goal oriented

• Integrated approch

What are the the scope's of planning?

Planning provides opportunities for suggesting new and better ideas of improving performance and results

• Creativity

• Proper utilisation of resources

• Co-ordination

• Leads to economy and efficiency

Planning cannot foresee everything, and thus, there may be obstacles to effective planning. Identify the related limitation of planning

• Planning leads to rigidity

• Planning may not work in a dynamic environment

• Planning does not guarantee success.

• Planning reduces creativity.

Mangers may feel that once the plans are put into operation all problems are solved but in reality, Management has to continuously revise the plans and have a check on their execution. . Identify the related limitation of planning.

• Reduces creativity

• Based on profitability

• Provides false security

• Time consuming

The existence of clear, unambiguous, reasonable and attainable objective leads to effective planning - - - - - -

• Clear objectives

• Accuracy in forecasting

• Flexible

• Economical