IB Biology Gene Regulation and Transcription

A protein that binds to the operator and blocks the RNA polymerase

• regulator
• repressor
• activator
• corepressor

In eukaryotes, proteins that help the RNA polymerase bind to the regulatory region for transcription are called ____________.

• transcription factors
• topoisomerase
• regulatory genes
• activators

What is the name given to part of a DNA molecule that codes for a protein?

• Glucose

• Chromosome

• Gene

• Phosphate

• Intron

Which of the following statements regarding mRNA is correct?

• Exons are included in the protein sequence, while introns are left out
• Introns are included in the protein sequence, while exons are left out
• Exons and Introns can both be included or left out depending on the protein
• Exons and Introns are both part of the mRNA sequence, but only exons are part of the rRNA and tRNA

How can a person's muscle cells have the same exact DNA sequences as their nerve cells even though the look and perform completely different?

• The two different cells become mutated
• The proteins expressed in each cell are different
• They actually have different DNA in the two types of cells.
• The genome of the different cells changes

All of the following are true about DNA methylation EXCEPT

• may take place on the DNA

• enzymes add a methyl group

• when it occurs, transcription is more likely to occur

• chromatin becomes more tightly packed

All of the following are true about histone acetylation EXCEPT

• takes place on the histone
• enzymes add a acetyl group
• when it occurs, transcription is more likely to occur
• chromatin becomes more tightly packed

Inheritance of traits by mechanisms not directly involving nucleotide sequence is called

• epigenetic inheritance
• differential gene expression
• chromosomal inheritance
• gene regulation

All the genes in both a prokaryotic cell and a eukaryotic cell are expressed at the same time.

• True

• False

In order for a gene to be expressed, ___ must bind to the gene's ___, a specific sequence of nucleotides at one end of the gene, thus initiating transcription.

• DNA polymerase, promotor

• DNA polymerase, operator

• RNA polymerase, promotor

• RNA polymerase, operator