Exam 5

Melissa has been depressed for the last month. Suddenly she has become euphoric and hyperactive, and she runs around the apartment complex claiming that she alone could solve the world's energy problems. Melissa is suffering from

• major depressive disorder.

• learned helplessness.

• bipolar disorder.

• rumination.

A response to the threat of future loss is to ________ as a response to past and current loss is to ________.

• learned helplessness; a negative explanatory style

• anxiety; depression

• behavior; cognition

• conditioning; biology

For the last month, Gabrielle has felt lethargic and has been unable to get out of bed in the morning. She has withdrawn from friends and family because she feels worthless and unlovable. Gabrielle is most likely suffering from

• bipolar disorder.

• rumination.

• major depressive disorder.

• disruptive mood dysregulation disorder.

Obsessive-compulsive disorder is characterized by

• a fear of being embarrassed in a public situation.

• a persistent, irrational fear and avoidance of a specific object or situation.

• unpredictable, minutes-long episodes of dread.

• repetitive, intrusive, and unwanted thoughts and repetitive behaviors.

In which disorder do people alternate between states of lethargic hopelessness and wild overexcitement?

• bipolar disorder

• rumination

• major depressive disorder

• mania

Compulsive hand washing often increases in frequency because it relieves feelings of anxiety. This best illustrates the impact of ________ on compulsive behaviors.

• observational learning

• stimulus generalization

• panic

• reinforcement

For the third time in two months, Amber's husband rushed her to the hospital emergency room because she thought she was having a heart attack. Her symptoms included a racing heart, weakness, feeling faint, and feeling as if she were unable to breathe. Although her doctor says she is physically healthy, Amber lives in fear of another attack. Amber is most likely suffering from which psychological disorder?

• specific phobia

• generalized anxiety disorder

• panic disorder

• obsessive-compulsive disorder

Gina and Tina are identical twins. Gina has had a series of traumas and has been diagnosed with schizophrenia. Tina is demonstrating no symptoms of schizophrenia. Because schizophrenia tends to run in families, the difference between the twins can be explained through

• epigenetics.

• the medical model.

• cultural influences.

• the stress of childbirth.

Rishi, a college student, complains that he feels apprehensive and fearful most of the time but doesn't know why. Without warning, his heart begins to pound, his hands get icy, and he breaks out in a cold sweat. Rishi most likely suffers from

• a phobia.

• obsessive-compulsive disorder.

• social anxiety disorder.

• generalized anxiety disorder.

Dr. Dominguez believes that psychological disorders are produced by neurological problems centering on neurotransmitter imbalances. Dr. Dominguez's emphasis best illustrates

• the medical model.

• epigenetics.

• genetic influences.

• a biopsychosocial approach.