MAAP Review _Protein Synthesis

    Students are asked to build a 2D model that shows the assembly and modification of proteins in a prokaryotic cell. The students are to create arrows from the material of their choice to link the cell structures in the order the structures are involved in the process. The table shows the cell structures and the path of protein assembly and modification each student is planning to use.

Which student’s plan is correct?

• Student 1

• Student 2

• Student 3

• Student 4

A scientist injects a drug called rifampicin, which inhibits RNA synthesis, into a bacterium. What is the most likely  direct result of this alteration?

• The bacterial DNA will stop replicating.

• The bacterial DNA will replicate in an uncontrolled way.

• The process of amino acid synthesis will stop in the bacterium.

• The process of protein synthesis will stop in the bacterium.

      Proteins are composed of long chains of amino acids.

A protein was analyzed in a lab, and the first three amino acids were determined to be: leucine-proline-alanine. Which DNA base sequence could have coded for these amino acids?

• AAU GCG CGC

• CUC CCG GCC

• GAC GGG CCC

• GAG GGC CGG

During the process of translation, to which two molecules does tRNA bond?

• amino acid and mRNA

• amino acid and rRNA

• DNA and mRNA

• DNA and rRNA

The sequence of nucleotides in a segment of a DNA strand is TACCCAGTCGTTAAGAGAATC. The image shows the RNA codon table.

 

What would be the sequence

• Met-Gln-Gly-Gln-Phe-Ser

• Met-Gly-Gln-Gln-Phe-Ser

• Met-Gly-Gly-Phe-Gln-Ser

• Met-Gln-Gly-Gln-Phe-Ser

The amino acid methionine is coded for in humans by the mRNA nucleotide sequence: adenine-uracil-guanine, or AUG. Which statement is true regarding this amino acid?

• Any sequence of the nucleotides A, U, and G would code for methionine in other organisms.

• AUG would also code for methionine in every other organism on Earth.

• AUG would only code for methionine in species closely related to humans (primates).

• There is no way to predict what nucleotides will code for methionine in other organisms.

The image shows the translation process in a eukaryotic cell.

What step ends translation?

• addition of an amino acid into the growing peptide chain

• separation of mRNA from the ribosome when a stop codon is reached

• detachment of tRNAs from the ribosome

• connection of tRNA anticodons with codons on mRNA

The image shows a segment of DNA and a polypeptide synthesized from the segment.

From which mRNA segment was the polypeptide translated?

• GTG CAT CTG ACT

• GUG CAU CTG ACT

• GUG CAU CUG ACU

• CAC GUA GAC UGA

A scientist injected a drug into a mouse that inhibits the formation of mRNA in either the sperm or egg cells.

What could be the result of this alteration?

• The process of DNA replication will stop.

• The process of protein synthesis will stop.

• The process of DNA replication will become uncontrolled.

• The process of protein synthesis will become uncontrolled.

If the anticodon of a molecule of tRNA has the sequence GAU, what was the original DNA sequence?

• CTA       

• CUA

• GAT       

• CAT