Which statement best describes motor learning?

• Motor learning is a field of science that requires a minimum practice of 300 to 500 repetitions to learn a skill.

• Motor learning is a field of science that studies the nervous system, muscular system and biomechanics in order to explain how people learn skills.

• Motor learning is a field of science that uses a range of body systems, practice and sport psychology to learn a skill.

• Motor learning is a field of science that explains how people learn skills by studying various systems of the body (such as the nervous system), and investigating practice and feedback.

A discrete motor skill is

• a type of motor skill that is determined by the stability of the environment.

• a type of motor skill that has a defined start and end.

• a type of motor skill that is repetitive and cyclical.

• a type of motor skill that is made up of many individual motor skills.

Which of the following is not a characteristic of motor skill learning?

• consistency

• improvement

• stability

• variability

Different degrees of speed, power and intensity are factors for which body and movement concept?

• body awareness

• quality of movement

• relationships

• space awareness

According to Fitts and Posner’s (1967) stage model of learning, a learner who cannot identify all relevant environmental cues might never progress from which stage of learning?

• the cognitive stage

• the associative stage

• the autonomous stage

• the information processing stage

Lacking the strength required to propel the ball to the volleyball is an example of what type of rate limiter?

• physical

• tactical

• perceptual

• physiological

The following diagram shows a soccer drill that will last for approximately five minutes before players change positions. The drill requires each player inside the square (i.e. those in blue) to pass the ball to an outside player (i.e. those in white) and move into a different position to receive the pass back. The size of the square can be changed depending upon the skill level of the players. This is an example of which type of practice?

• massed practice

• specificity practice

• part practice

• problem-solving practice

When sub-routines are combined, they create a ...

• Motor program

• Motor reflex

• Closed motor skill

• Discrete skill

Distributed practice is:

• implemented in ensure task representation occurs

• where the athlete is given minimal time for feedback between practice attempts

• similar to part practice

• when a skill is practiced with periods of rest that are equal to or longer than periods spent training

The dynamic systems approach suggests that motor skills are learnt and carried out dynamically in response to certain variables known as constraints. The three types of constraints include:

• task constraints, cognitive constraints, individual constraints

• self-organisation constraints, environmental constraints, learner constraints

• cognitive constraints, associative constraints, autonomous constraints

• individual constraints, task constraints, environmental constraints