Human Chromosomes and genetic Disorders

A chart that shows the presence or absence of a trait according to the relationships between parents, siblings, and offspring.

• Karyotype

• Genome

• Barr body

• Pedigree

a dense region in the nucleus that represents a randomly switched off chromosome in female cells.

• Karyotype

• Genome

• Barr body

• Pedigree

is the full set of genetic information that an organism carries in its DNA.

• Karyotype

• Genome

• Barr body

• Pedigree

a photograph that shows the complete diploid set of chromosomes grouped together in pairs, arranged in order of decreasing size.

• Karyotype

• Genome

• Barr body

• Pedigree

46,XX

• Female

• Male

46,XY

• Female

• Male

Only one X chromosome instead of two

• Down Syndrome

• Klinefelter's syndrome

• Turner's syndrome

• Sickle cell disease

XXY; A male with an extra X chromosome

• Down Syndrome

• Klinefelter's syndrome

• Turner's syndrome

• Sickle cell disease

Trisomy 21; three copies of chromosome 21 instead of 2

• Down Syndrome

• Klinefelter's syndrome

• Turner's syndrome

• Sickle cell disease

Caused by a mutation that affects hemoglobin, the oxygen-carrying protein in red blood cells.

• Down Syndrome

• Klinefelter's syndrome

• Turner's syndrome

• Sickle cell disease