PMA 1 fl

Based on the data in the table, which of the following statements is the scientist most likely studying?

• The number of muscle cells that are in the average human body.

• Increasing the number of adipocytes will lead to increased muscle cells.

• Decreasing the number of adipocytes will lead to increased muscle cells.

• The number of cells of different types found in the average human body.

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NGSS.MS-LS1-1

How does the timeline above show how The Cell Theory has changed over time?

• Over time scientists agreed that the Cell Theory does not change.

• Over time scientists argued that no new information is important.

• Over time scientists have always agreed that all living and non-living things are made of cells.

• Over time scientists had access to more information and better technology resulting in advanced explanations of the Cell Theory.

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NGSS.MS-LS1-1

Why would this not be considered a scientific experiment?

• because it requires the use of an expensive piece of equipment

• because there are no controls or variables to test using this protocol

• because it involves using just part of the organism instead of the entire thing

• because it forces a scientist to record data in visual form instead of numerical form

Mai tells Jaz his theory about why sea turtles nest on the beach instead of in the ocean. She says, “The turtle eggs would sink to the bottom of the ocean, and the baby turtle would drown.” Mai says her uncle, a fisherman, told Mai this information. Jaz tells Mai that her theory is not scientific.Why does Mai's idea not meet the requirement to be a scientific theory?

• Mai and her uncle are not scientists.

• Mai's idea is already a scientific law.

• Mai's idea is not supported by scientific evidence.

• Mai's idea is a good guess that can be tested by experiments.

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NGSS.MS-LS1-4

Scientific models are representations of objects, systems, or events and are used as tools for understanding the natural world.  They can help scientists visualize (picture in their mind), something that is difficult to see or understand. Models can help scientists communicate their ideas, understand processes, and make predictions. Which of the following statements below is not correct pertaining to scientific models?

• Models communicate information.

• Models can be drawings with labels.

• Models can be a computer representation.

• Models must be exact replicas of the original.

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NGSS.MS-LS1-2

NGSS.MS-PS1-1

To prepare for her science test, Claudia had written down some notes about cells on index cards. Each card contained a separate piece of information about cells. At one point, Claudia was searching for the notes that described the Cell Theory. She picked four cards. The table below shows the four cards Claudia picked.

Which cards did Claudia correctly select to describe the cell theory?

Card

Notes

1

All cells come from existing cells

2

The cell is a basic unit of all living things

3

All cells contain heredity information

4

All organisms are made of one or more cells

• 2 and 3

• 1, 2, and 3

• 1, 2, and 4

• 1, 3, and 4

      Markus conducts an experiment and records the number of yeast cells grown in separate petri dishes over three days. His data is recorded in the table seen below. Which part of the cell theory does the data best represent?

 Which part of the cell theory does the data best represent?

• All living things are made of cells.

• All cells come from preexisting cells.

• Cells are the basic unit of living things.

• Organisms may be unicellular or multicellular.

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NGSS.MS-LS1-1

Which observations support the tenant of the cell theory that states, "all cells come from pre-existing cells"?

• Observations 1 and 3

• Observations 2 and 6

• Observations 4 and 5

• Observations 7 and 8

Which of the following best describes the role of the mitochondria in animal and plant cells?

• The mitochondria do not make energy, they make new cells.

• The mitochondria make energy through respiration for plant cells only.

• The mitochondria make energy through respiration for animal cells only.

• The mitochondria make energy through respiration for both the plant and animal cells.

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NGSS.MS-LS1-2

NGSS.MS-LS1-7

Which cellular organelles in the above diagram may be used to differentiate a plant cell from an animal cell?

• cell wall and chloroplasts

• large vacuole and cell membrane

• chloroplasts and mitochondria

• mitochondria and large vacuole