Quiz about DNA/RNA remediation

Question 1

What it the significance of the nitrogenous bases?

Accepted Answer

order of nitrogenous bases determines order of amino acids

Answer

# of adenines and cytosines determine RNA

Answer

amount of thymine and guanine determines length of genes

Answer

type of hydrogen bonds determines amino acids

Question 2

Which DNA strand is complementary to TGTAGCTGCGCGT

Accepted Answer

ACATCGACGCGCA

Answer

AGUGCUGCGCGUA

Answer

TGTAGCTGCGCGT

Answer

TCGCGCAGCTACA

Question 3

How is information for a specific protein carried on the DNA molecule?

Accepted Answer

as a sequence of nucleotides

Answer

in the double helix shape of the condensed chromosome

Answer

in the ratio of adenines to thymines

Answer

as a pattern of phosphates and sugars

Question 4

Which DNA strand is complementary to the top one shown in the picture?

Accepted Answer

C

Answer

A

Answer

B

Answer

D

Question 5

A model of a biological process is shown. What is the purpose of this process?

Accepted Answer

To translate the genetic code into a specific sequence of amino acids

Answer

To replicate the DNA of an organism before cell division

Answer

To assemble nucleotides in an mRNA chain along a DNA template

Answer

To synthesize amino acids used to unzip strands of DNA and copy the genetic code

Question 6

The initial steps in gene expression are modeled below. Double-stranded DNA first unwinds into two strands. Which process and product are represented in Diagram 2?

Accepted Answer

Process: transcription; product: mRNA

Answer

Process: translation; product: protein

Answer

Process: replication; product: tRNA

Answer

Process: recombination; product: polymerase

Question 7

Which of the following polypeptides is coded for by the mRNA sequence ^5'AUG GUU AAA CGA CAA UCC^3'?
*Use Codon Chart*

Accepted Answer

Met, Val, Lys, Arg, Gln, Ser

Answer

Val, Lys, Phe, Gly, Ser

Answer

Met, Asp, Phe, Ala, Arg

Answer

Ile, Gln, Lys, Asp, Gly, Leu, Ser

Question 8

Different types of mutations can occur in DNA.The diagram represents a type of mutation. Which statement describes the mutation in the diagram?

Accepted Answer

A base is inserted into one strand of the DNA.

Answer

A silent mutation results in the insertion of a different amino acid.

Answer

A substitution occurs with the adenine base.

Answer

A deletion of a cytosine base occurs.

Question 9

Sickle-shaped red blood cells result from a mutation in the gene that codes for hemoglobin. This mutation results in sickle-cell anemia. A partial sequence of bases from a normal hemoglobin gene and a sequence that results in sickle-cell anemia are shown picture. What type of mutation is depicted in this sequence?

Accepted Answer

Substitution

Answer

Insertion

Answer

Deletion

Answer

Frameshift

Question 10

Four different types of cells are shown in picture. Which characteristic is shared by all four cells?

Accepted Answer

Genetic material composed of DNA

Answer

A mechanism for transforming sunlight into energy

Answer

Self-locomotion

Answer

Membrane-bound organelles that transport substances

Question 11

The arctic fox inhabits northern areas of North America. The same arctic fox is shown in the drawing at different times of the year. What causes this change in fur color?

Accepted Answer

Gene expression for fur color is regulated by temperature.

Answer

The arctic fox has two traits for fur color that are determined at birth.

Answer

The alleles for fur color change as the arctic fox grows older.

Answer

Gene expression for fur color is regulated by latitude.

Question 12

At which point would hydrogen bonding between two nitrogenous bases normally occur?

Accepted Answer

z

Answer

x

Answer

y

Answer

k

Question 13

Which compound is NOT part of a DNA Nucleotide

Accepted Answer

Ribose

Answer

Adenine

Answer

Phosphate

Answer

Deoxyribose

Answer

Thymine

Question 14

Compliment the following DNA

CCT -CTT -TAC

Accepted Answer

GGA - GAA - ATG

Answer

GGA - CTT - ATG

Answer

CCT - GAA - ATG

Question 15

Transcribe the following DNA

TAC -TTA - CGA

Accepted Answer

AUG - AAU - GCU

Answer

ATG - AAU - GCA

Answer

ATG - AAT - GCA

Answer

AUC - AAT - GCT

Question 16

Why is DNA important?

Accepted Answer

it serves as the blueprint for making proteins

Answer

it is very small and very complicated

Answer

it's in everything

Answer

because we eat it every day for energy

Question 17

Name this structure

Accepted Answer

nucelotide

Answer

double helix

Answer

twisted ladder

Answer

hydrogen bond

Question 18

Cells that have a true nucleus are called....

Accepted Answer

eukaryotes

Answer

prokaryotes

Answer

unicellular

Answer

multicellular

Question 19

Which of these shows an example of an insertion mutation?

Accepted Answer

Option D is correct

Answer

A.

Answer

B.

Answer

C.

Question 20

A model of transcription and a codon chart are shown.

Which amino acid would be coded first from the DNA strand

being transcribed?

Accepted Answer

Met

Answer

Cys

Answer

Phe

Answer

Ile

Question 21

What components make up the backbone of a DNA molecule?

Accepted Answer

Deoxyribose and phosphate groups

Answer

Purines and deoxyribose

Answer

Pyrimidines and purines

Answer

Phosphate groups and pyrimidines

Question 22

Which statement best describes a similarity among trees, cats,

and amoebas?

Accepted Answer

They contain DNA composed of the same four types of nucleotides.

Answer

They are prokaryotic organisms.

Answer

They are classified as members of the same kingdom.

Answer

They have genomes that consist of the same number of genes.

Question 23

Which statements explain how a mutation in a somatic cell is different

from a mutation that occurs in gametes?

Accepted Answer

Somatic cell mutations are generally not passed to offspring.

Gamete mutations are usually passed to offspring.

Answer

Somatic cell mutations occur in cells that give rise to gametes.

Gamete mutations occur in cells that result in apoptosis.

Answer

Somatic cell mutations are maintained in the gene pool.

Gamete mutations are expelled from the gene pool.

Answer

Somatic cell mutations will not be expressed by the individual that

contains the mutation.

Gamete mutations will be expressed by the individual.

Question 24

True or False: All of your body cells contain the same genes.

Accepted Answer

True

Answer

False

Question 25

Which of the following best explains the term gene expression?

Accepted Answer

the production of proteins based on the genetic information in DNA

Answer

the suppression of RNA polymerase

Answer

the suppression of protein production

Answer

the production of lipids based on the genetic information in DNA

Question 26

A molecule of DNA is a polymer composed of _____________.

Accepted Answer

nucleotides

Answer

glucose

Answer

amino acids

Answer

fatty acids

Question 27

Each nucleotide is composed of three parts. The picture shows a chain of 4 nucleotides linked together. What is the correct name of the molecule indicated?

Accepted Answer

deoxyribose sugar

Answer

nitrogenous base

Answer

phosphate group

Answer

hydrogen bond

Question 28

Which of these will complete the mRNA strand matching the DNA shown?

Accepted Answer

G U C

Answer

C A G

Answer

A U G

Answer

U A G

Question 29

Part of an important cellular process involving a DNA strand is modeled here.

What is the purpose of this cellular process?

Accepted Answer

transcribing information in the DNA sequence for use by the cell

Answer

preserving genetic information for future generations

Answer

deleting the information in the sequence produced from the DNA template

Answer

producing more nucleotides for the DNA sequence

Question 30

Bacteria and humans are similar in that they both _________.

Accepted Answer

contain genetic material

Answer

are single celled

Answer

lack cell organelles

Answer

are autotrophs

Question 31

The structure X is a ________.

Accepted Answer

ribosome

Answer

nucleus

Answer

tRNA

Answer

DNA

Question 32

Which reason explains why nerve cells function differently than muscle cells?

Accepted Answer

In both kinds of cells different genes are expressed.

Answer

In nerve cells all the genes are expressed.

Answer

In muscle cells all the genes are expressed.

Answer

In both kinds of cells the same genes are expressed.

Question 33

A substitution mutation that has no effect

on amino acids sequence

Accepted Answer

Silent Mutation

Answer

Insertion Mutation

Answer

Translocation

Answer

Deletion Mutation

Question 34

A nucleotide base is inserted or deleted shifting the entire DNA sequence. Entire protein will be changed.

Accepted Answer

Frameshift Mutation

Answer

Substitution Mutation

Answer

Silent Mutation

Answer

Translocation

Question 35

A frameshift mutation where a nucleotide base

is removed from the DNA sequence.

Accepted Answer

Deletion Mutation

Answer

Substitution Mutation

Answer

Translocation

Answer

Silent Mutation

Question 36

Accepted Answer

F

Answer

G

Answer

H

Answer

J

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