21st Century Literature from the Philippines and the World

What is the definition of understatement?

• A figure of speech in which a writer or speaker deliberately makes a situation seem less important or serious than it is.

• A statement that is seemingly contradictory or opposed to common sense and yet is perhaps true.

• A short, interesting and insightful idea or thought about a specific subject expressed in a witty, satirical and funny manner.

• The use of an unnecessarily large number of words to express an idea.

What is the definition of paradox?

• A figure of speech in which a writer or speaker deliberately makes a situation seem less important or serious than it is.

• A statement that is seemingly contradictory or opposed to common sense and yet is perhaps true.

• A short, interesting and insightful idea or thought about a specific subject expressed in a witty, satirical and funny manner.

• The use of an unnecessarily large number of words to express an idea.

Who are considered National Artists in the Philippines?

• Filipino artists who have greatly contributed to the promotion and preservation of cultural heritage.

• Filipino artists who have won international awards.

• Filipino artists who have achieved commercial success.

• Filipino artists who have received government funding.

When was the Order of National Artists created?

• 1972

• 1980

• 1990

• 2000

Who is the only National Artist for Historical Literature?

• Carlos Quirino

• Francisco Arcellana

• Virgilio S. Almario

• Jose Garcia Villa

Who is recognized as one of the pioneers in writing modern Filipino short stories in English?

• Carlos Quirino

• Francisco Arcellana

• Virgilio S. Almario

• Jose Garcia Villa

Who originated the lyrical prose-poetic form in writing short stories?

• Carlos Quirino

• Francisco Arcellana

• Virgilio S. Almario

• Jose Garcia Villa

Who is also known as Rio Alma?

• Carlos Quirino

• Francisco Arcellana

• Virgilio S. Almario

• Jose Garcia Villa

Who used Doveglion as a penname?

• Carlos Quirino

• Francisco Arcellana

• Virgilio S. Almario

• Jose Garcia Villa

Who is considered as one of the finest contemporary poets regardless of race or language?

• Carlos Quirino

• Francisco Arcellana

• Virgilio S. Almario

• Jose Garcia Villa