Final Exam (Post Midterm) Review

The basic difference between consonants and vowels is that ​ (a)   are produced with a fairly open vocal tract and ​ (b)   are produced with some degree of constriction somewhere in the vocal tract.

• vowels
• consonants

Sort the descriptive features for consonants and vowels:

Groups:

(a) Consonants

,

(b) Vowels

• tongue height

• lip rounding

• place of articulation

• tongue advancement

• manner of articulation

• voicing

Consonants produced with a complete blockage of the oral cavity followed by release in an explosive burst are ​ (a)   . Consonants produced with a complete blockage of the oral cavity followed by a fricative-like release of turbulent airflow are ​ (b)   . Consonants produced with a complete blockage of the oral cavity with airflow directed through the nasal cavity are ​ (c)   .

• stop-plosives
• fricatives
• approximates
• affricates
• nasals

Consonants produced with close approximation of active and passive articulators resulting in a narrow constriction of airflow are ​ (a)   . Consonants produced with a wide approximation of active and passive articulators resulting in a smooth airflow are ​ (b)   .

• fricatives
• approximates
• stop-plosives
• affricates
• nasals

Sort the phonemes by manner of articulation:

Groups:

(a) Stop-Plosives

,

(b) Fricatives

,

(c) Affricates

,

(d) Approximates

• /z/

• /w/

• /θ/

• /s/

• /ð/

• /t/

• /ʒ/

• /j/

• /l/

• /v/

• /g/

• /p/

• /dʒ/

• /ʃ/

• /b/

• /k/

• /d/

• /f/

• /tʃ/

• /ɹ/

Which English phonemes are produced with nasal airflow?

• /b/

• /m/

• /d/

• /n/

• /ŋ/

Sort the phonemes by voicing:

Groups:

(a) voiced

,

(b) voiceless

• /ð/

• /s/

• /f/

• /g/

• /m/

• /ʃ/

• /θ/

• /z/

• /h/

• /v/

• /d/

• /k/

• /p/

• /ʒ/

• /ɹ/

• /dʒ/

• /t/

• /tʃ/

• /b/

• /l/

Sort the phonemes by place of articulation:

Groups:

(a) bilabial

,

(b) velar

,

(c) alveolar

,

(d) postalveolar

• /t/

• /z/

• /ŋ/

• /n/

• /p/

• /tʃ/

• /k/

• /m/

• /dʒ/

• /g/

• /ʃ/

• /ʒ/

• /d/

• /b/

• /s/

Match each voiced consonant to its voiceless cognate.

• /b/

• /p/

• /g/

• /t/

• /v/

• /f/

• /d/

• /k/

Match each voiced consonant to its voiceless cognate.

• /dʒ/

• /θ/

• /ʒ/

• /ʃ/

• /z/

• /s/

• /ð/

• /tʃ/