AP Psychology Unit 4 Practive

Michael noticed that whenever he moved his dog’s food dish, his dog would come into the kitchen and act hungry and excited. He reasoned that because he feeds the dog using that dish, the sound of the dish had become a(n)

• conditioned response.

• unconditioned response.

• conditioned stimulus.

• unconditioned stimulus.

Ever since she was scared by a dog as a young child, Angelica has been afraid of all dogs. The fact that she is afraid of not only the original dog but all types of dogs is an example of

• stimulus generalization.

• stimulus discrimination.

• spontaneous recovery.

• extinction.

In Watson’s experiment with “Little Albert,” the conditioned stimulus was

• the fear of the noise.

• the fear of the rat.

• the loud noise.

• the white rat.

Which of the following would be an example of vicarious classical conditioning?

• As a young child, Tony frequently observed his older sisters jump around and scream whenever any of them saw a spider, as they were very afraid of them. Subsequently, Tony experiences feelings of fear when he sees a spider.

• Tommy is told about a new product by a close friend and decides to buy it for himself.

• A cat responds to the sound of a bell because it sounds similar to a bell it hears on the television.

• Tonja watches her grandfather check the air pressure in her bike tire and then use a hand pump to add air to the tire. She is later able to check the air pressure and pump up the tire herself.

Cindy had cheesy tacos at a local Mexican restaurant. Later she became terribly ill and suffered bouts of nausea and vomiting. What might we predict based on conditioned taste aversion research?

• Cindy will probably develop a strong liking for cheesy tacos.

• Cindy will probably be able to eat cheesy tacos with no nausea at all.

• Cindy will probably get nauseated the next time she tries to eat cheesy tacos.

• Cindy will probably continue to eat cheesy tacos except when she feels nauseous.

Rescorla found that the CS must _________ the UCS for conditioning to take place.

• predict

• come after

• come at the same time as

• replace

The work of Ivan Pavlov and John Watson fits best into which of psychology’s perspectives?

• behaviourism

• Gestalt Psychology

• neuropsychology

• humanism

Students are accustomed to a bell ringing to indicate the end of a class period. The principal decides to substitute popular music for the bell to indicate the end of each class period. Students quickly respond to the music in the same way they did to the bell. What principle does this illustrate?

• generalization

• habituation

• aquisition

• stimulus

In classical conditioning, the unconditioned stimulus

• naturally triggers a response

• is a naturally occurring response.

• is initially irrelevant, and then comes to trigger a response.

• objectively studies psychology.

• is Pavlovian.

Classical conditioning is the type of learning in which a person links two or more stimuli and

• forgets about them.

• lays them out in sequence.

• receives a reward.

• anticipates events.