Practice Test in Evidence of Common Ancestry 2024

Humans are mammals, which are defined as having a certain set of anatomical homologies. Which of the following are some homologous structures shared by all mammals?

• fur and lungs (or other internal structures) for breathing air,
• mammary glands for producing milk,
• an internal skeleton
• all of the above

Which evidence of common ancestry is being studied in this visual?

• biogeography
• fossil record
• anatomical homology

Which evidence of common ancestry is being studied in this visual?

• biogeography
• fossil record
• anatomical homology

Which evidence of common ancestry is being studied in this visual?

• fossil record
• developmental homology
• molecular homology
• anatomical homology

The similarities among early stages of the embryos provide evidence that -

• these organisms evolved from a common ancestor
• the organisms all retained their gills and tails
• the organisms belong to the same species

Which evidence of common ancestry is being studied in this visual?

• developmental homology
• molecular homology
• anatomical homology

The Galapagos Islands, a small group of islands off the coast of Ecuador, is home to reptiles such as the giant tortoise and the iguana. The eastern islands are much older than the islands to the west. Which statement about the origin of these reptiles is best supported by this information?

• The ancestor of each species came from different continents at different times.
• The common ancestors of the reptiles probably came from Equador.
• The common ancestor of each species evolved in Peru and came to the islands at the same time.

The picture shows the members of the Camelidae family. The physical features and the geographical origin of these animals provide evidence that -

• they live in the same type of environment.
• have slowly evolved to become herbivores.
• have a common ancestor.
• exchanged DNA in the past.

If two organisms have the same structures (even if they have a different function ex: leg bones of various mammals), it is considered _________________, but if they have different structures that perform the same function (ex: wings of birds and butterflies), it is considered ____________________.

• Analogous; Homologous
• Helpful; Harmful
• c. Homologous; Analogous
• d. Harmful; Helpful

Using Data Table 1, which organism shares a most recent common ancestor with rabbits?

• Fly
• Bat
• Tree
• Bacterium