OS Quizzes - Process Management

What is a process in an operating system?

• An instance of a program that is being executed

• A type of computer hardware

• A network protocol

• A file storage system

Explain the difference between a process and a program.

• A program is a set of instructions, while a process is the execution of those instructions.

• A process is a single task, while a program is a collection of tasks.

• A process is a type of software, while a program is a type of hardware.

• A program is used for data storage, while a process is used for data retrieval.

What is process control block (PCB) and what information does it contain?

• It contains information about the process's favorite color and food

• It contains information about the process's social security number

• It contains information about the processor's manufacturing details

• It contains information about the process such as process state, program counter, CPU registers, CPU scheduling information, memory management information, and I/O status.

What is a process state and what are the different process states?

• Open, Closed, Pending

• Running, Ready, Blocked (or Waiting)

• Active, Inactive, Completed

• Start, Pause, Stop

Explain the concept of process scheduling.

• Process scheduling is the process of organizing data in a spreadsheet.

• Process scheduling is the method used to manage the storage of files on a computer.

• Process scheduling refers to the process of designing new software applications.

• Process scheduling is the method used by operating systems to manage the execution of multiple processes on a single CPU.

What is a context switch and why is it important in process management?

• A context switch is the process of turning off the computer and then turning it back on. It is important in process management because it helps to clear the memory and improve performance.

• A context switch is the process of transferring data between different storage devices. It is important in process management because it helps to prevent data loss.

• A context switch is the process of updating the operating system to the latest version. It is important in process management because it ensures that the system is secure and stable.

• A context switch is the process of saving the state of a process or thread and restoring the state of another process or thread. It is important in process management because it allows the operating system to efficiently manage multiple processes by giving each process a turn to execute and ensuring that no process monopolizes the CPU.

What are the criteria for CPU scheduling?

• Memory size, disk space, network bandwidth

• CPU utilization, throughput, turnaround time, waiting time, and response time

• Printer speed, monitor resolution, keyboard layout

• Operating system version, software updates, file permissions

Explain the difference between preemptive and non-preemptive scheduling.

• Preemptive scheduling allows the operating system to interrupt a currently running process.

• Preemptive scheduling only works for single-core processors

• Preemptive scheduling does not allow the operating system to interrupt a currently running process

• Non-preemptive scheduling allows the operating system to interrupt a currently running process

What is a deadlock in process management and how can it be prevented?

• Restarting the system

• Ignoring the issue and letting the processes resolve it on their own

• Increasing the number of processes

• Using techniques such as resource allocation graphs, wait-die and wound-wait schemes, and avoiding circular wait.

Discuss the concept of inter-process communication (IPC) and its importance in process management.

• IPC is the mechanism that allows processes to communicate with each other, share data, synchronize their actions, and coordinate their activities, which is important for efficient process management.

• IPC is only used for single-threaded processes

• IPC is not important for process management

• IPC stands for Internet Protocol Communication