Earthquakes and Volcanoes Spring 2024

Which process occurs when an earthquake's shaking turns loose soil into mud?

• liquefaction

• seismic shaking

What type of waves can travel through both liquids and solids and travels in a push-pull motion?

• S waves 

• P waves

What is lava underneath Earth's surface called?

• magma

• ash

Lava flow that is characterized by rough jagged blocks with sharp projections and is fast moving.

• Pahoehoe

• Aa

Which type of waves move slowly and can travel up and down and side to side?

• surface waves 

• body waves

Which type of seismic wave arrives first at a seismograph?

• S wave 

• P wave

What scale do today's scientists most often use to express the magnitude of an earthquake?

• Moment Magnitude Scale

• Richter Scale

What type of volcano is tall and has the most violent and explosive eruptions?

• Composite

• Shield

What is the name of the tectonic plate that the Ring of Fire surrounds?

• North American Plate

• Pacific Plate

What is a vibration of Earth produced by the rapid release of energy within the lithosphere called?

• epicenter

• earthquake