Respiratory System PreAssessment

What is the primary function of the alveoli in the lungs?

• To transport oxygen to the bloodstream

• To warm the air entering the lungs

• To facilitate the exchange of gases (oxygen and carbon dioxide)

• To produce mucus to trap pathogens

Which of the following structures is NOT part of the upper respiratory tract?

• Pharynx

• Larynx

• Bronchi

• Nasal cavity

What is the role of the diaphragm in respiration?

• It contracts to decrease thoracic volume during exhalation.

• It relaxes to increase thoracic volume during inhalation.

• It contracts to increase thoracic volume during inhalation.

• It assists in the production of vocal sounds.

In the context of ventilation and perfusion (V/Q) matching, what does a V/Q ratio greater than 1 indicate?

• Adequate ventilation but poor perfusion

• Adequate perfusion but poor ventilation

• Both ventilation and perfusion are optimal

• Both ventilation and perfusion are inadequate

Which respiratory disorder is characterized by the destruction of the alveoli, leading to a decrease in surface area for gas exchange?

• Asthma

• Chronic Bronchitis

• Emphysema

• Pneumonia

What is the primary muscle of respiration?

• External intercostal muscles

• Diaphragm

• Pectoralis major

• Sternocleidomastoid

Which of the following is a common symptom of respiratory acidosis?

• Rapid breathing

• Slow breathing

• Increased heart rate

• Decreased heart rate

What is the term for the volume of air remaining in the lungs after a maximal exhalation?

• Tidal volume

• Inspiratory reserve volume

• Expiratory reserve volume

• Residual volume

Which part of the respiratory system is primarily responsible for voice production?

• Trachea

• Larynx

• Pharynx

• Bronchi

What is the primary driving force for the diffusion of gases in the lungs?

• Blood pressure

• Concentration gradient

• Temperature

• Humidity