Behaviorism Revision

What do antecedents in behaviourism refer to?

• Stimuli that discourage a behaviour

• Stimuli that signals an expected behaviour response

• Associated experience with a behavioural response.

• Stimuli that encourages the occurrence of a behaviour.

According to behaviourism, what can be modified by positive and negative reinforcement?

• Cognitive processes

• Environmental factors

• Behaviour and learning

• Continuity of experience

What is the focus of behaviourism theory?

• Cognitive processes and mental health

• Observable and measurable behaviours

• Emotional responses and feelings

• Innate behaviours and instincts

Which of the following is an example of applying behaviourism?

• A parent rewards a child with chocolate for completing their homework

• A teacher explains the importance of historical events

• A student learns by understanding abstract concepts

• A person reflects on their past experiences to make a decision

What does behaviourism emphasise according to the principles of behaviourist theory?

• The relationship between intelligence and behaviour

• The relationship between stimuli in the environment and observable behaviours

• The genetic basis of behaviour

• The role of consciousness in behaviour

According to behaviourists, how can behaviour be learned or unlearned?

• Through punishment only

• Through reinforcement only

• Through conditioning

• Through observation only

What are the two types of conditioning referred to in the principles of behaviourist theory?

• Classical and Operant

• Positive and Negative

• Reinforcement and Punishment

• Active and Passive

What is classical conditioning associated with?

• Associating a voluntary response with a stimulus

• Associating an involuntary response with a stimulus

• Associating a stimulus with a conscious decision

• Associating a stimulus with a reflex that cannot be controlled

Whose experiments with dogs are considered classic examples of classical conditioning?

• Sigmund Freud's

• B.F. Skinner's

• Ivan Pavlov's

• John B. Watson's

What does operant conditioning refer to?

• Learning through repetition

• Learning through consequences

• Learning through observation

• Learning through association