Gaseous Exchange

What is the process by which gases move from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration?

• Active transport

• Osmosis

• Photosynthesis

• Diffusion

Describe the structure of alveoli and explain how it is adapted for efficient gaseous exchange.

• The alveoli have a large surface area, thin walls, and are in close proximity to capillaries.

• The alveoli have a large surface area but thick walls

• The alveoli are located far away from capillaries

• The alveoli have a small surface area and thick walls

What is the role of diaphragm and intercostal muscles in ventilation in mammals?

• They regulate body temperature

• They aid in the production of red blood cells

• They help in digesting food in the stomach

• They help in expanding and contracting the chest cavity to facilitate the entry and exit of air in the lungs.

Explain how the respiratory surface in mammals is adapted for efficient gaseous exchange.

• Large surface area, thin and moist membrane, and rich blood supply

• Large surface area, thick and moist membrane, and poor blood supply

• Medium surface area, thick and moist membrane, and poor blood supply

• Small surface area, thick and dry membrane, and poor blood supply

What factors affect the rate of diffusion in gaseous exchange?

• Time of day, cloud cover, and precipitation

• Temperature, pressure, and color

• Humidity, wind speed, and altitude

• Concentration gradient, surface area, distance, and molecular size

How does the surface area of alveoli contribute to efficient gaseous exchange?

• It has no effect on gaseous exchange.

• It reduces the surface area for gaseous exchange.

• It provides a larger surface area for gaseous exchange.

• It increases the distance for gaseous exchange.

What is tidal volume and how does it relate to ventilation in mammals?

• Tidal volume is the amount of water that moves in and out of the lungs during normal breathing, and it directly relates to ventilation in mammals.

• Tidal volume is the amount of blood that moves in and out of the lungs during normal breathing, and it directly relates to ventilation in mammals.

• Tidal volume is the amount of food that moves in and out of the lungs during normal breathing, and it directly relates to ventilation in mammals.

• Tidal volume is the amount of air that moves in and out of the lungs during normal breathing, and it directly relates to ventilation in mammals.

Discuss the role of capillaries in gaseous exchange at the alveoli.

• Capillaries facilitate the exchange of gases between the alveoli and the blood.

• Gaseous exchange at the alveoli occurs through the lymphatic system, not capillaries

• Capillaries only transport nutrients, not gases

• Capillaries have no role in gaseous exchange at the alveoli

Explain the process of inspiration and expiration in mammals.

• The diaphragm contracts and moves downward during inspiration, while it relaxes and moves upward during expiration.

• During inspiration, the diaphragm relaxes and moves upward, while it contracts and moves downward during expiration.

• Inspiration and expiration are controlled by the movement of the ribs, not the diaphragm.

• Mammals do not have a specific process for inspiration and expiration.

What are some of the adaptations in fish for efficient gaseous exchange?

• Gills

• Trachea

• Skin

• Lungs