S5 Listening Free to Choose

What is the concept of 'invisible hand' generally regarded as referring to?

• Scientific knowledge

• Economic transactions

• Language development

• Cultural evolution

Which body mainly serves to put the seal of approval on changes in the French language?

• The French Institute

• The French Academy

• The French National Assembly

• The French Parliament

How do languages develop?

• Through government control and planning

• Through the voluntary interaction of individuals seeking to trade ideas or information

• Through the careful management by bodies like the French Academy

• Through the standardizing influence of government school systems

What is the structure of disciplines like physics, chemistry, and economics a product of?

• Decisions by university research centers and other academic institutions

• Scholars finding it convenient

• The role of government demand for certain kinds of knowledge

• Government central planning

What does the growth of a subject within a scientific discipline parallel?

• The economic marketplace

• The development of government regulations

• Biological evolution

• The coordination of international oversight bodies concerned with science and technology

What serves the same function as money in the "market" scholars participate in?

• University publishing houses

• The regard of their peers

• Government directives

• Managerial advancement

How do a society's values, culture, and social conventions develop?

• Through the influence of mass media on each successive generation

• Through the influence of powerful organizations on social norms

• Through government educational campaigns

• Through voluntary exchange, spontaneous cooperation, and trial and error

What is self-interest according to the text?

• Myopic selfishness

• Narrow concern with material rewards

• A natural response to monetary stimuli

• Whatever individuals value

What is danger to scientific progress does the text say is recognized by many scholars?

• Insufficient government regulation

• Central government planning of science

• The corrupting influence of money

• The spontaneous gropings of individual scientists

What has government involvement recently tended to influence in the realm of scientific knowledge?

• what resources are available

• the kinds of knowledge demanded

• the esteem scholars have for one another

• the phenomenon of scholars building collaboratively on each other's work

• the mutual benefits of scholarly cooperation