Individual Rights & the Bill of Rights: Vocabulary

fear a strong central government and demand the Constitution includes a list of citizens’ rights

• Anti-Federalists

• Federalists

• Parliament

• Cabinet

the first 10 amendments to the U.S. Constitution

• Bill of Rights

• Articles

• Preambles

• Petition of Right

basic freedoms guaranteed under the U.S. Constitution, such as freedom of speech and freedom of religion

• civil liberties

• civil rights

• unenumerated rights

• implied liberties

rights guaranteed under the law, such as trial by jury and voting rights

• civil rights

• civil liberties

• implied rights

• unenumerated liberties

the prosecution of a person a second time for a crime for which they have already been found not guilty of; Fifth Amendment protection

• double jeopardy

• impeachment

• habeas corpus

• cruel and unusual punishment

the protection of rights in any legal proceeding

• due process

• natural rights

• civil liberties

• checks and balances

believe the Constitution is fine as it is in protecting citizens’ rights; believe the government could violate rights that are not specifically listed on the Constitution

• Federalists

• Anti-Federalists

• Parliament

• Cabinet

when a person uses their Fifth Amendment rights to refuse to answer a question in court because they may self-incriminate, or appear to show guilt

• pleading the Fifth

• begging the Third

• taking the Second

• demanding the First

a court decision that is used for deciding future similar cases

• precedent

• preliminary ruling

• ratification

• due process

a law enforcement agent’s search of a person or property to find evidence of a crime that has been committed and then taking that property during that search

• search and seizure

• pleading the Fifth

• ratification

• theft