U2 Topic 2 & 3 Review (Thermal Energy & Temperature)

The relationship between the temperature of a system and the total energy of the system depends on what factors?

• Whether or not all the parts of the system are connected

• The ability of scientists to accurately measure the thermal energy of the system

• Whether or not the system is in motion at the time

• The type, states, and amount of matter in the system

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-4

NGSS.MS-PS3-4

Four metal cubes, each at a different starting temperature, are placed in contact with each other.
Which of the following describes the most likely flow of thermal energy in this situation?

• Cube #4 to Cube #2

• Cube #1 to Cube #2

• Cube #3 to Cube #4

• Cube #1 to Cube #3

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-4

NGSS.MS-PS3-3

Students are testing different materials to find the one that transfers the most heat energy. Identical containers, made of the different materials, were filled with hot water, and the temperature of the water was measured and recorded over time.

Based on the graph of the time and temperature data, which material was most effective at transferring thermal energy?

• Material 1

• Material 2

• Material 3

• Material 4

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-4

NGSS.MS-PS3-3

NGSS.MS-PS3-4

NGSS.MS-PS3-5

Which of the following is the best conductor of thermal energy?

• Wood

• Plastic

• Aluminum

• Glass

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS3-3

Which of the following factors contributes most to the amount of energy required to change the temperature of a sample of water by 10°C?

• The source of the sample of water

• The size of container holding the sample

• The amount of water in the sample

• The initial temperature of the sample

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-4

Students take three samples of three different liquids, all at the same temperature, and place the samples into three identical beakers. They place all three beakers onto the same hot plate. Which of the following observations would support the idea that the amount of heat required to raise the temperature of matter, depends on the nature of the matter?

• After the same amount of time, the three samples were at
  different temperatures.

• Some of the heat from the liquids was transferred to the air
  around the beakers.

• After turning off the hot plates, all the liquids eventually returned
  to room temperature.

• Before heating, the initial masses of the three different liquids
  were slightly different.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-4

NGSS.MS-PS3-4

NGSS.MS-PS3-5

Four cubes, of the same size, but made of different materials, were placed in a hot water bath at a temperature of 100°C. The temperature of each cube was monitored for 30 minutes and the results graphed as shown here.

The cube made of which substance will take the longest to reach a temperature of 75°C ?

• Copper

• Steel

• Plastic

• Glass

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-4

Four containers made of different materials, each containing water at 30oC, were set out on a table. The initial temperature of the water was recorded. The temperature of the water was also recorded 15 minutes later. Which container was the most effective at preventing heat transfer from the water to the environment?

• P

• Q

• R

• S

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-4

NGSS.MS-PS3-3

A student wishes to investigate how the material of which an object is made affects how the object changes temperature. The student will heat objects to a temperature of 50°C, then see how long it takes the objects to cool down to room temperature. For this investigation, it is most important that the student use objects that–

• are the same size, but made of different materials.

• will not melt at temperatures above 100°C.

• release thermal energy quickly to the environment.

• are made of metals, since they conduct heat.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS3-4

Students heated four samples of water to the same temperature and then placed the samples in four different environments for ten minutes to see how temperature change was affected. They recorded their data in the table provided.

• The sample in Environment #1

• The sample in Environment #2

• The sample in Environment #3

• The sample in Environment #4

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-4

NGSS.MS-PS3-4

NGSS.MS-PS3-5