Gastrulation of Chick Embryo

What is the process by which epiblast cells migrate to form the three germ layers during gastrulation?

• Delamination, migration through blastula

• Epithelial-to-endothelial transition, migration through primitive streak

• Epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition, delamination, migration through primitive streak

• Mesenchymal-to-epithelial transition, migration through blastopore

Which specific structure guides the migration of epiblast cells during gastrulation in a chick embryo?

• Epidermal ridge

• Gastric groove

• Primitive streak

• Embryonic fold

What is the role of fibronectin in the migration of epiblast cells during gastrulation?

• Fibronectin has no effect on the migration of epiblast cells during gastrulation.

• Fibronectin inhibits the migration of epiblast cells during gastrulation.

• Fibronectin causes epiblast cells to divide instead of migrating during gastrulation.

• Fibronectin provides a scaffold for epiblast cells to move along and facilitates their migration during gastrulation.

How do epiblast cells change their shape to facilitate migration during gastrulation?

• Epiblast cells change their shape through lateral-to-medial transition (LMT) during gastrulation.

• Epiblast cells change their shape through epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) during gastrulation.

• Epiblast cells change their shape through endodermal-to-ectodermal transition (EET) during gastrulation.

• Epiblast cells change their shape through mesenchymal-to-epithelial transition (MET) during gastrulation.

What is the significance of the primitive streak in the migration of epiblast cells during gastrulation?

• The primitive streak is responsible for inhibiting epiblast cell migration during gastrulation.

• Epiblast cells migrate independently of the primitive streak during gastrulation.

• The primitive streak is only relevant for the migration of hypoblast cells during gastrulation.

• The primitive streak is significant in providing a pathway for epiblast cells to migrate and contribute to the formation of the three germ layers during gastrulation.

Describe the movement of epiblast cells from the epiblast layer to the hypoblast layer during gastrulation.

• Epiblast cells migrate directly to the ectoderm layer

• Epiblast cells remain stationary within the epiblast layer

• Epiblast cells undergo an epithelial to mesenchymal transition, migrate through the primitive streak, ingress between the epiblast and hypoblast layers, and displace the hypoblast cells to form the endoderm layer.

• Epiblast cells divide rapidly to form the hypoblast layer

How do epiblast cells differentiate into different cell types after completing migration during gastrulation?

• Random cell division without any specific differentiation cues.

• Passive diffusion of signaling molecules between cells.

• Spontaneous generation of new cell types without external factors.

• Lineage specification through signaling pathways and gene activation.

Explain the importance of cell-cell interactions in the migration of epiblast cells during gastrulation.

• Cell-cell interactions hinder the migration of epiblast cells during gastrulation

• Epiblast cells migrate randomly without any coordination

• Cell-cell interactions help in establishing polarity, directional movement, and proper positioning of epiblast cells during gastrulation.

• Cell-cell interactions have no role in epiblast cell migration during gastrulation

What are the consequences of abnormal migration of epiblast cells during gastrulation in chick embryos?

• Developmental defects in the formation of germ layers and structural abnormalities.

• Enhanced formation of germ layers and structural abnormalities

• Improved cell migration and proper gastrulation

• Decreased cell proliferation and normal development