Memory and Cognition

False Memory refers to:

• The formation of inaccurate or distorted memories

  
  

• The inability to remember previously learned information

  
  

• The process of encoding information into long-term memory

  
  

• The retrieval of information from short-term memory

  
  

Implicit memory is:

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  Memory for general knowledge and facts

  
  

• Conscious and intentional memory retrieval

  
  

• Memory that is not consciously aware or intentionally retrieved

  
  

• Memory for personal experiences and event

  
  

Forgetting refers to the inability to:

• Retrieve previously learned information

  
  

•    Encode information implicitly

  
  

• Pay attention to important details

  
  

• Learn new information

  
  

Discuss the role of encoding, storage, and retrieval in the memory process.

 

• Encoding involves the ability to focus attention on a specific stimulus, storage refers to the consolidation of memories, and retrieval involves the process of organizing and interpreting sensory information.

  
  

• Encoding involves the ability to recall past events accurately, storage refers to the process of organizing and interpreting sensory information, and retrieval involves the ability to focus attention on a specific stimulus.

   

  
  

  
  

• Encoding involves the process of organizing and interpreting sensory information, storage refers to the ability to recall past events accurately, and retrieval involves the ability to focus attention on a specific stimulus.

  
  

• Encoding involves the initial processing of information, storage refers to the retention of encoded information over time, and retrieval involves accessing stored information.

Explicit memory is:

• Memory for general knowledge and facts

• Memory for personal experiences and events

• Conscious and intentional memory retrieval

• Memory that is not consciously aware or intentionally retrieved

Which of the following combat encoding failures:

• 1. Repeating the information multiple times(Rehearsal)

• 1. Paying close attention and focusing on the information

• 1. Using incubation and heuristics

• 1. Using mnemonic, rhyming, chunking, loci, or other memory strategies

Forgetting due to encoding failure is more likely to occur when:

• The information is rehearsed and reviewed multiple times

• The information is encoded in a deep and meaningful way

• The information is encoded in a shallow or superficial way

• The information is meaningful and personally relevant

For memory, questions involving ______________ prove a deeper level of processing information than ________________.

• 1. Recognition, Recall

• 1. Semantics, Iconics

• 1. Iconics, Recognition

• 1. Recall , Recognition

Define cognition and explain its importance in human behavior.

• The ability to focus attention on a specific stimulus

• The ability to recall past events accurately

• The process of organizing and interpreting sensory information

• The process of problem-solving and decision-making

With aging and memory decline,

• 1. There is nothing humans can do to prevent

• 1. Working and episodic long term memories tend to fail first

• typically begins in humans over 50 years old

• Semantic and procedural memory tend to fail first