UNIT 7.1

Identify phase A for water in oil (w/o) emulsion system.

• Dispersed (water)

• Continuous (water)

• Dispersed (oil)

• Continuous (oil)

Identify phase B for water in oil (w/o) emulsion system.

• Dispersed (water)

• Continuous (water)

• Dispersed (oil)

• Continuous (oil)

Identify phase X for water in oil in water (w/o/w) emulsion system.

• Dispersed (water)

• Continuous (water)

• Internal (Water)

• Continuous (oil)

• Dispersed (oil)

Identify phase Y for water in oil in water (w/o/w) emulsion system.

• Dispersed (water)

• Continuous (water)

• Internal (Water)

• Continuous (oil)

• Dispersed (oil)

Identify phase Z for water in oil in water (w/o/w) emulsion system.

• Dispersed (water)

• Continuous (water)

• Internal (Water)

• Continuous (oil)

• Dispersed (oil)

Creams have better spreading ability due to

• thixotropic flow properties

• pseudoplastic flow properties.

Identify three characteristics of oily creams.

• water in oil emulsions

• oil in water emulsions

• not water washable

• provide an oily barrier that reduces water losses from the stratum corneum

• non-greasy

Identify three characteristics of aqueous creams.

• water in oil emulsions

• oil in water emulsions

• easily removed by rinsing with water

• provide an oily barrier that reduces water losses from the stratum corneum

• non-greasy

Identify types of ointment which easily washed off

• Water-soluble ointments

• Water-insoluble ointments

Identify two ointment bases which suitable for emollient effect.

• Hydrocarbon bases

• Absorption bases

• Water removable bases

• Water soluble bases