Infection, Infectious Diseases, and Epidemiology

What is the term for the process by which microorganisms attach themselves to cells?

• Adhesion

• Infection

• Colonization

• Invasion

Which of the following is NOT a type of symbiotic relationship between microbes and their hosts?

• Mutualism

• Parasitism

• Commensalism

• Amensalism

What is the term for the number of new cases of a disease in a given area during a given period of time?

• Epidemic

• Prevalence

• Pandemic

• Incidence

Which type of transmission involves the spread of pathogens in droplets of mucus by exhaling, coughing, and sneezing?

• Direct contact transmission

• Airborne transmission

• Indirect contact transmission

• Droplet transmission

What is the role of extracellular enzymes in infection?

• Dissolve structural chemicals in the body

• Prevent phagocytosis by the host's phagocytic cells

• Help pathogens maintain infection, invade, and avoid body defenses

• Trigger host immune responses that cause damage

Which organization coordinates public health efforts worldwide?

• U.S. Public Health Service

• WHO

• CDC

• NIH

What is the term for the presence of toxins in the bloodstream?

• Bacteremia

• Septicemia

• Viremia

• Toxemia

Which of the following is a mode of vehicle transmission of infectious diseases?

• Airborne transmission

• Foodborne transmission

• Bodily fluid transmission

• Direct contact

What is the term for the ability of a microorganism to cause disease?

• Virulence

• Invasiveness

• Pathogenicity

• Toxigenicity

Which stage of infectious diseases involves the occurrence of symptoms and signs that characterize a disease or an abnormal condition?

• Illness

• Prodromal period

• Incubation period

• Syndrome